传统荧光材料通常以固态形式被广泛应用，但其只在稀溶液中具有良好的发光性能，而在高浓度聚集态或固态下受到荧光猝灭，形成聚集诱导猝灭（Aggregation Caused Quenching, ACQ）现象，这限制了荧光材料的应用和发展。唐本忠院士发现的聚集诱导发光（Aggregation Induced Emission, AIE）现象突破了这一局限性，为荧光材料的发展提供了新途径。随着AIE性质的不断探索，具有AIE性质的刺激响应荧光材料得到了迅速发展。四苯乙烯（Tetraphenylethylene, TPE）是一类典型的AIE荧光团，具有结构简单、易合成、易修饰、高量子产率等特点，是刺激响应性材料的理想选择。但目前大多数已报道的基于TPE的刺激响应荧光材料水溶性较差，需要有机-水共溶剂来发挥其实际作用，限制了其应用前景。因此，本论文以四苯乙烯为母核，通过利用不同的方式增加其水溶性，设计了一系列新型的具有两亲性质的四苯乙烯刺激响应化合物，研究其不同的光学性质、聚集形貌及刺激响应机理，并进一步探究其在防伪凝胶和环保隐形墨水等方面的潜在应用价值。主要内容如下：

（1）基于自组装策略和纳米共沉淀策略设计合成了两类两亲性四苯乙烯衍生物。一种是自组装策略，通过Click反应和Knoevenagel反应将亲水性乳糖和修饰基团连接在四苯乙烯上得到三种两亲性分子TPEL-1, 2, 3，利用亲水的乳糖基和疏水的TPE之间的相互作用自组装形成荧光有机纳米颗粒；另一种则是传统的纳米共沉淀策略，先在四苯乙烯母核上连接三种不同的修饰基团得到不同荧光发射的疏水性分子TPE-1', 2', 3'，再用两亲性表面活性剂F127将其包裹得到三种两亲性分子F-TPE-1', 2', 3'，从而可以在水溶液中包裹形成荧光有机纳米粒子。由于连接基团和聚集程度的差异，其在水溶液中经365 nm紫外光照射后表现出不同的光环化行为。因此，基于分子的两亲性、纳米颗粒和光响应性质，可将其用作可擦除环保墨水和变色防伪凝胶，达到对信息加密的效果，展示了其在光信息存储、信息安全等领域的应用前景。

（2）胆固醇是一类兼具生物相容性和生物降解性的凝胶剂，具有独特的刚性骨架和良好的羟基反应位点。因此，我们设计了两种以四苯乙烯为母核的凝胶材料TCOL-1和TCOL-2。四苯乙烯一侧的两个位点连接2, 4-二羟基苯甲醛修饰的胆固醇基团，以此来促使分子形成凝胶、液晶性质；另一侧的两个位点以不同连接方式连接亲水性乳糖基团，以此增加其水溶性和凝胶稳定性。目前，该课题进行了分子合成的探索，后期将继续对其性质进行探索研究。

The traditional luminescent materials are commonly used in the solid state, but they only have good luminescence performance in dilute solutions and are quenched by fluorescence in high concentration aggregated states or solid states, forming aggregation induced quenching (ACQ) phenomenon, which limits the application and development of fluorescent materials. Tang’s group discovered the aggregation induced emission (AIE) phenomenon to address this disadvantage. With the continuous exploration of the properties of AIE, stimulus-responsive fluorescent materials with AIE properties have been rapidly developed. Tetraphenylethylene (TPE), a typical AIE fluorophore, is an ideal choice for stimuli-responsive materials due to its simple structure, easy synthesis, easy modification and high quantum yield. However, most of the reported stimulus responsive fluorescent materials based on TPE have poor water solubility and require organic water co-solvents to exert their practical effects, which limits their application prospects. Therefore, in this paper, we designed a series of novel TPE-based stimuli-responsive compounds with amphiphilic properties by using tetraphenylethylene as the core to increase their water solubility in different ways, studied their different optical properties, aggregation morphologies and stimuli-responsive mechanisms, and investigated their potential applications in anticoagulant gelators and environmentally invisibe ink. The main contents are as follows:

(1) Two kinds of amphiphilic TPE derivatives were designed and synthesized based on self-assembly strategy and nanoprecipitation strategy. One is self-assembly strategy, which connects hydrophilic lactose and modified groups to TPE by Click reaction and Knoevenagel reaction to obtain three amphiphilic molecules TPEL-1, 2, 3, and they self-assemble to form fluorescent organic nanoparticles by taking advantage of the interaction between hydrophilic lactosyl groups and hydrophobic TPE groups. The other is the traditional nanoprecipitation strategy, three different modified groups are connected to TPE to obtain hydrophobic molecules TPE-1', 2', 3' with different fluorescence emission, and then the amphiphilic surfactant F127 is used to encapsulate them to obtain three amphiphilic molecules F-TPE-1', 2', 3', which can be wrapped in aqueous solution to form fluorescent organic nanoparticles. Due to differences in modification groups and aggregation degree, it exhibits different photocyclization behaviors under the irradiation of UV at 365 nm in aqueous solution. Therefore, based on the amphiphilic, nanoparticles and photo-responsive properties of molecules, they can be used as erasable environmentally inks and color changing anti-counterfeit gelators to achieve the effect of information encryption, showing its application prospects in the fields of optical information storage, information security.

(2) Cholesterol is a kind of gel with both biocompatibility and biodegradability, which has a unique rigid skeleton and a good hydroxyl reaction site. Therefore, we designed two kinds of gel materials TCOL-1 and TCOL-2 based on tetraphenylethylene. Two sites on the side of TPE connect cholesterol groups modified by 2, 4-dihydroxybenzaldehyde to promote the formation of gel and liquid crystal properties of molecules; The other side connect the hydrophilic lactose groups in different ways to increase its water solubility and gel stability. At present, the synthesis of target molecules was investigated, and we will continue to explore its properties in subsequent studies。