以高速联网收费抽样数据为交通基础数据，根据降水强度将降雨分类，研究了不同降雨类别对高速公路交通流的影响;分析了不同降雨类别对高速公路多路段、收费站、收费站间不同空间尺度的流量影响，探讨了不同降雨类别下小型车旅行时间累计频率特性，分析 了不同强度降雨对小型车旅行时间的影响，并利用非参数检验统计方法检验 了不同降雨类别间流量、旅行时间差异的显著性，通过均值分析得到 了不同强度降雨条件下的流量折减系数、旅行时间增长系数。结果显示:小雨、中雨、大雨、暴雨分别导致高速公路多路段流量降低了 3.43%、4.98%、5.30%、16.98%。 小雨、中雨、大雨、暴雨分别导致收费站流量降低了0.83%、6.87%、7.34%、16.55%。 中雨、大雨、暴雨分别导致收费站间流量降低 了8.45%、6.32%、14.08%。 中雨、大雨、暴雨分别导致旅行时间增长0.76%、7.52%、10.21%。

This paper describes an analysis of hourly rainfall impacts on highway traffic flow based on highway toll collection system sampling data and precipitation data. As traffic data containing information of highway section, toll station of orientation and destination and information of starting time and ending time, hourly traffic volume data of highway section, toll station, and section between two toll stations were extracted, and travel time of every record were precisely calculated. Five rainfall categories were classified based on precipitation intensity. Non-parametric Kruskal-Wallis test was performed to determine whether difference between various groups of sampled data is significant. Traffic volume reduction of highway section, toll station, section between two toll stations and travel time increase in every rainfall category were calculated by comparing the mean values of traffic volume. Also, Cumulative Frequency Distribution for travel time in every rainfall category was studied. The major findings are as follows: Trace,light,moderate,heavy rain caused 3.43%、4.98%、5.30%、16.98% traffic volume reduction of highway section, respectively. Trace,light,moderate,heavy rain caused 0.83%、6.87%、7.34%、16.55% traffic volume reduction of toll station, respectively. Light,moderate,heavy rain caused 8.45%、6.32%、14.08% traffic volume reduction of section between two sections, respectively. Light,moderate,heavy rain caused 0.76%、7.52%、10.21% increase of travel time, respectively.