近几年来我国能源消费量不断增加，居民生活能源消费已成为仅次于工业的第二大能源消费行业，而农村居民人均生活能源消费量不断上涨，2017年首次超过城镇居民。农户作为能源消费的主体，在减少能源消耗的措施中，鼓励其实施节能行为被认为是有效的途径之一。作为家庭生计战略的基础，生计资本在农户行为决策方面发挥着重要作用。因此本文以云南省迪庆藏族自治州为例，梳理已有文献，结合研究区的实际情况构建出农户生计资本和节能行为评价指标，通过问卷调查获得数据并进行实证分析，旨在厘清农户生计资本对节能行为的影响，以期为有关部门制定减少农户能源消耗的相关政策提供参考。主要研究结论如下：

（1）不同节能行为的实施频率存在差异，其中农户实施日常直接节能行为和间接节能行为的频率较高。在离开房间时农户会注意随手关灯，家用电器不使用时能及时关闭电源，购买蔬菜水果也会尽可能选择当地当季的产品。能效投资行为方面，大部分农户在购买灯时会选择节能灯，但是购买节能家电和新能源车的农户并不多，节能知识的缺乏和经济条件的限制是农户实施能效投资行为的主要障碍因子。

（2）农户的生计资本对节能行为有显著的影响。自然资本和人力资本对节能行为的实施具有明显的负向影响；物质资本和社会资本能够促进节能行为的实施；金融资本的影响因节能行为的不同而不同，其中对间接节能行为的实施具有明显的消极作用，而对能效投资行为的实施具有明显的积极作用。

（3）农户的节能意愿越强，实施节能行为的可能性越大。节能意愿对生计资本—节能行为之间的关系具有调节作用。其中对自然资本、人力资本、物质资本和节能行为之间的关系具有负向调节作用，即较强的节能意愿会弱化自然资本、人力资本、物质资本与节能行为之间的关系；对社会资本和节能行为之间的关系具有正向调节作用，即较强的节能意愿会强化社会资本与节能行为之间的关系。

（4）金融资本对其他生计资本—节能行为之间的关系具有调节作用，其中对人力资本—能效投资行为的关系具有显著的正向调节作用，对人力资本—直接节能行为、社会资本—间接节能行为的关系具有显著的负向调节作用。

In recent years, the energy consumption of our country has been increasing continuously. The energy consumption of the residents has become the second largest energy consumption industry, second only to industry. The average consumption of energy of rural residents has been rising, exceeding the per capita energy consumption of urban residents for the first time in 2017. .  Farmers are the main body of energy consumption. Among the measures to reduce energy consumption, encouraging farmers to implement energy-saving behaviors is regarded as an effective way. As the basis of household livelihood strategy, livelihood capital plays an important role in the decision-making of household behavior. Taking Diqing Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture of Yunnan Province as an example, this paper constructs the evaluation index of farmers' livelihood capital and energy-saving behavior by combing the existing literature and the actual situation of the study area. The data obtained through questionnaire survey and empirical analysis were carried out, aiming to clarify the impact of farmers' livelihood capital on energy-saving behavior and providing reference for relevant departments to formulate relevant policies to reduce farmers' energy consumption. The main conclusions are as follows:

 (1)There are differences between the implementation of different types of energy-saving behaviors, among which farmers have a high frequency of the implementation of daily direct and indirect energy-saving behaviors. Farmers try to turn off the lights when leaving the room and turn off the power when household appliances are not in use. When buying vegetables and fruits, farmers also tried to choose local and seasonal products.. In terms of energy efficiency investment behavior, most farmers  choose to buy energy-saving lamps, but fewer farmers  buy energy-saving appliances and new energy vehicles. The lack of energy-saving knowledge and the limitation of economic conditions are the main obstacle factors for farmers to implement energy efficiency investment behaviors.

(2) Farmers' livelihood capital has a significant impact on energy saving behavior. natural capital and human capital have a significantly negative effect on the implementation of energy-saving behaviors. Physical capital and social capital are conductive to implement energy-saving behaviors. The effect of financial capital varies with different energy-saving behaviors. Financial capital is an important determinant that facilitates the implementation of energy-efficiency investment behaviors by farmers, while it is not conductive to implement daily indirect energy-saving behaviors.

(3) The stronger the farmers' intention to save energy, the higher the probability of implementing energy-saving behavior. The intention to save energy has a moderating effect on the relationship between livelihood capital and energy-saving behaviors. The intention to save energy has a negative moderating effect on the relationship between natural capital, human capital, physical capital and energy-saving behaviors, which means strong intention to save energy will weaken the relationship between natural capital, human capital, physical capital and energy-saving behaviors. The intention to save energy has a positive moderating effect on the relationship between social capital and energy-saving behaviors, which means strong intention to save energy will strengthen the relationship between social capital and energy-saving behaviors.

 (4) Financial capital has a moderating effect on the relationship between other livelihood capital and energy-saving behaviors. It has a significant positive moderating effect on the relationship between human capital and energy efficiency investment behaviors, while has a significant negative moderating effect on the relationship between human capital and direct energy-saving behaviors. The relationship between social capital and indirect energy-saving behaviors is also negatively moderated by financial capital.