占俄罗斯广袤领土约三分之一面积的俄远东地区，在其一百多年的发展史上，对俄中央政权先后有着不同意义：沙俄时期，这里是俄罗斯帝国东扩的尽头，是帝国对东北亚地区殖民渗透的前哨；苏联时期，这里是苏维埃政权的资源、能源大后方，重工业体系在此得以奠基并实现发展；苏联解体后俄罗斯联邦成立初期，这里陷入经济与社会的萧条之中，几乎成为被联邦政府遗忘的角落。然而，自从2000年弗拉基米尔•普京就任俄联邦总统以来，俄联邦政府开始日益重视对俄远东地区的开发；这块苦寒边陲之地打破了百年以来的沉寂，一跃变为俄罗斯未来发展的热土。近几年伴随着国际经济政治局势和俄国内形势的变化，俄远东地区对于俄罗斯未来发展的重要性正在不断上升。2012年3月普京第三次当选俄联邦总统以来，俄罗斯当局加快了对远东地区的开发进程，并设立了远东发展部这一政府机构，专门负责推动俄远东地区的开发工作。此次开发领域主要涉及经贸、能源、基础建设、农林渔业和第三产业；俄联邦政府希望借助对远东地区进行开发，来拓展本国在亚太区域的发展空间，为俄罗斯21世纪的未来发展铺平道路。中俄关系是当今世界上最重要的双边关系之一，两国在政治、经济、文化和人员等多方面不断开展的一系列合作与交流，使两国关系达到了历史上的最好水平。但中俄关系发展至今，也存在着不少问题；如何使中俄关系在未来得以继续发展，也是极具现实和探索价值的命题。俄远东地区作为中俄两国领土接壤地区，俄方在此的开发活动势必会直接对两国关系产生影响。随着近期俄罗斯当局开发举措的不断升温，关注俄远东地区开发的进程与情况，有着很强的现实意义。目前，国外（非俄语国家）对俄远东地区开发的研究相对较少；相比之下国内对该领域的相关研究就要丰富许多。然而，这些研究尽管领域多样，但都相对固定而彼此隔绝；研究程度虽然细致，但视野难免局限；而且许多研究已经跟不上当前俄远东地区开发的最新进展，不再具有时效性。本文就以此作为研究主旨，以普京第三总统任期开始至今两年内（2012年3月至2014年3月）俄远东地区的开发为切入点，通过对该地区开发的背景分析，以及对开发具体举措的梳理来探讨其对中俄各领域关系的影响；并希望能由此发现问题、总结规律，促使中俄关系在未来更上一层台阶。

The Russian Far East (RFE), which accounts for nearly a third of Russia’s vast territory size, means different to Russian central government in its development history. During the Tsarist regime, RFE was the end of Russian Empire’s eastward expansion, played as a frontier’s outpost for the empire’s colonial penetration to northeast Asia. While through the USSR period, RFE was the rear area for energy and resources, heavy industrial system had founded and developed. After the disintegration of USSR, RFE slipped into economical and social recession; the government of Russian Federation almost neglected this area. However, since Vladimir Putin started his first presidency in 2000, the Russian Federal government began to pay much more attention to RFE’s development. With great changes in Asia-Pacific and Russia’s domestic situation recently, RFE has become more and more important to Russia’s future development. After Putin started his third presidency in May 2012, the Russian Federal government has accelerated the development process of RFE; by establishing “Russian Federal Ministry for development of Far East” to take in charge specific RFE’s development works. Many fields have been involved during this term’s development: economics & trade, energy resources, infrastructure construction, agriculture, forestry, fishery and tertiary industry. The Russian federal government hopes to broaden the horizon for Russia’s future development in Asia-Pacific region by RFE’s development. Sino-Russian relationship is one of the most important bilateral relationships in the world nowadays. A series cooperation and communication for politics, economy and trade, cultural activities and people have promoted Sino-Russian relationship to its best level in history. Nevertheless, there are still some problems to be solved in China-Russia relations, and how to maintain the relationship in the future is a very realistic and valuable issue. As the bordering area between China and Russia, RFE is quite crucial; Russian’s development measures in this region must have direct influences on Sino-Russian relationship. With the recent development initiatives in Russia continue to heat up, focusing on the issue for RFE’s development will be very meaningful. By far, non-Russian foreign academic institutions have seldom focused on RFE’s development; while Chinese researches on this issue are abundant by comparison. Many academic institution and universities in Northeastern China have done various research works on RFE and China-Russia interaction in this area. Nevertheless, these studies have their defects: thorough but visions are limited, and many of them are no longer time-effective. Therefore, this dissertation would like to take Russia’s development measures for RFE during the first two years (March 2012 to March 2014) of Putin’s 3rd presidency as a starting point, by analyzing the background and reason for this development, classifying specific development measures, to study its influence on Sino-Russian relationship. Meantime, problems could be found; countermeasures and suggestions could be put forward in order to promote a better development of China-Russia relations in the future.