摘　要介词是汉、越语虚词当中用法较为复杂的一类，它在汉、越语语法体系中占有很重要的地位。在对外汉语教学中介词向来是教学中的重点和难点之一。本文以句法、语义、语用三个平面的理论为指导，在现代汉语介词的基础上将现代汉语的介词与现代越语的介词进行了对比研究，寻找它们之间的异同，以便更清楚、更全面地了解汉语介词与越语介词的句法、语义、语用等方面的差异。论文共分为四章，另附五个附录。第一章概述了本文的选题缘由，研究的意义、目标、范围，研究的理论、方法以及语料的来源。指出了本文研究的创新之处。第二章具体描写了现代汉、越语介词的特点。对汉、越语的介词进行了界定，对介词与其他易混淆的词类进行了区分，对介词进行了分类并概括了介词结构充当句子成分的情况。第三章在现代汉语介词的基础上，首先将现代汉、越语的介词在整体上进行了对比，通过对比全面揭示了汉、越语介词的相同点和相异之处。其次运用了三个平面的理论将现代汉、越语的五组常用介词进行了对比。本文认为现代汉、越语的介词在句法、语义、语用等方面都有许多相同点，但也有不少不同点。汉、越语的介词都存在一定的对应关系，但这种对应关系不是简单的一一对应关系，而是一对多的关系。最后对论文对比的主要内容作了总结，说明了论文的不足及尚待研究之处。第四章为附论。我们从越南学生的偏误语料中归纳、总结出有代表性的介词偏误类型。根据偏误类型指出了越南学生在学习汉语介词过程中所产生偏误的原因并提出了避免偏误的几点教学建议。关键词：现代汉语，现代越语，介词，三个平面，对比，偏误，教学

ABSTRACTPrepositions are a complex part of the function words in both Modern Mandarin Chinese and Vietnamese; they are also an extremely important part of the grammar systems in both languages. Prepositions are regarded as an important yet difficult part in the teaching of Chinese as a foreign language. This thesis is directed by the three-plane theory (based on syntax, semantics and use of language), taking prepositions in Modern Chinese as the basis from which to undertake a comparative study with Modern Vietnamese in order to uncover the similarities and differences between the two languages, with the goal of clearly and comprehensively understanding prepositions in Modern Chinese and Vietnamese in terms of syntax, semantics and usage. This thesis is divided into four chapters and includes five appendices.The first chapter summaries the reasons for undertaking this thesis, the purpose of the research, the goals, scope and research theory employed, as well as the methods utilized and the source of the language materials used. This chapter also points out the differences between this research study and others which have been undertaken in this field.The second chapter specifically portrays the characteristics of prepositions in both Modern Chinese and Vietnamese. It also specifies the scope of prepositions in both languages, differentiates between prepositions and similar words and divides prepositions and generalizes their usage as sentence components. The third chapter takes Modern Chinese prepositions as the basis in undertaking an overall comparison of prepositions in Modern Chinese and Vietnamese, through this comparison it illustrates the similarities and differences between prepositions in the two languages being compared. Next it employs the three-plane theory for the study of grammar in comparing five groups of commonly used prepositions in Modern Chinese and Vietnamese. This thesis considers that, in terms of syntax, semantics and language usage, there are many similarities between Modern Chinese and Vietnamese, however there are also a number of differences. There are connections between the use of prepositions in Modern Chinese and Vietnamese, however the corresponding relationships are not straightforward one-to-one relationships, instead they are complex one-to-many relationships. Finally, this thesis undertakes a summary of the main contents and considers the deficiencies of this piece of research and areas for future development.The forth chapter includes a further discussion and appendices. We reviewed the common mistakes made by Vietnamese students from a set of language materials; we summaries the representative types of preposition misusage. On the basis of the types of preposition misusage, we can indicate the origin of the incorrect usage of prepositions by Vietnamese students and make suggestions to ensure that such errors are avoided in the future.KEY WORDS：Modern Chinese, Modern Vietnamese, Prepositions, Three-Plane Theory of Chinese Grammar, Comparison, Biased Error, Teaching