就当今时代发展趋势而言，政治多极化、经济全球化，文化多元化已是不可逆转。纵观国家发展历程，世界大多数国家都不仅仅存在一个民族，那么如何在保证政权统一的前提下，仍然能够使各民族文化健康发展是世界各国都密切关注的问题。对于文化自身的发展而言，越来越多的人开始意识到没有一种文化是完美的，是可以解决所有问题的，只有汲取世界各国各民族文化的精华，加以汇聚才能解决一切问题。因此多元文化理念是世界各国紧密联系发展的必然产物，也是各国人民在对文化长期交流探讨后达成的共识。

随着多元文化理念的提出，“多元文化”在教育、医学、生活、历史研究、社会改革等领域得到了不同程度的应用于研究。其带来的影响从欧洲也逐步扩展到世界各国，同时也包括中国在内的东方国家。在世界文化百花齐放，异彩纷呈的趋势下，多元文化音乐教育在20世纪末一经产生，就以不可逆转的趋势蔓延至全球各地。

本文主要以多元文化背景为出发点，针对多元文化理念日益渗透到我国小学音乐教育中、我国的小学音乐教育面临的问题以及现状，以北京市高校参与小学教育项目为例，从民族乐器欣赏入手，通过问卷调查、走访相关教师以及参与实地教学实践等方法，通过数据对民族器乐欣赏在小学音乐教育中存在的问题进行详细的分析、归纳和总结，从而认识到民族器乐欣赏在小学音乐教育中的重要性，并针对问题提出若干解决策略，以期望对小学音乐教育课程的完善有所帮助。

本文共分为三个章节进行研究

第一章主要是对本文提出的相关概念进行阐述，具体包括多元化教育、多元文化音乐教育、民族音乐教育、民族器乐欣赏教学。并在此基础上探讨多元文化理念与小学民族器乐欣赏教学的关系。

第二章侧重于实践考察，通过问卷的发放、访谈和实地教学实践等形式对北京市高校参与小学教育项目学校的民族器乐欣赏现状进行研究，通过数据的统计和整理，从学生、老师、教材和环境四个方面进行初步阐述和分析小学音乐教育中民族器乐欣赏所存在的问题。

第三章基于第二章的分析与研究，通过实际得出的数据以及教学实践、学生反馈、调查访谈等问题，从学生自身、教师能力、教材完善、环境氛围四个层面进行反思，并在此基础上尝试提出了若干解决策略和建议。

In terms of the development trend of our times, political multi-polarization, economic globalization and cultural diversification are irreversible. Throughout the course of national development, there is not only one nation in most countries in the world, so how to ensure the unity of political power under the premise of the healthy development of national culture is a close concern of all countries in the world. For the development of culture itself, more and more people are beginning to realize that no culture is perfect and can solve all problems. Only by absorbing the essence of various national cultures in the world and gathering them can all problems be solved. Therefore, the concept of multiculturalism is an inevitable outcome of the closely linked development of all countries in the world, and it is also the consensus reached by the people of all countries after long-term cultural exchanges and discussions.

With the concept of multiculturalism being put forward, "multiculturalism" has been applied in education, medicine, life, historical research, social reform and other fields to different degrees. Its influence from Europe also gradually expanded to the world, but also including China and other eastern countries. Under the trend of flourishing and colorful world culture, multicultural music education has spread to all parts of the world with an irreversible trend since its emergence at the end of the 20th century.

This article mainly to the multicultural background as a starting point, in view of the multicultural concept increasingly penetrated into our country elementary school music education in our country's elementary school music education are faced with the problem and the status quo, to Beijing to participate in the primary school education in colleges and universities, for example, from national instruments to appreciate, through questionnaire investigation, visiting related teachers and participate in the methods such as field teaching practice, through the detailed data, which investigated of the appreciation of national instrumental music education problems for primary school existing in the detailed analysis, induction and summary, so as to realize national instrumental music appreciation in the elementary school music education, the importance of and put forward some solving strategies in view of the problem, It is expected to be helpful to the improvement of music education curriculum in primary schools.

This paper is divided into three chapters

In the chapter one, I explained some basic concepts which are mentioned in my project, including the concept of diversity, diversity education, multi-cultural music education, ethnic instrumental music, ethnic instrumental music appreciation. On this basis, the author discusses the relationship between the multi-cultural concept and appreciation teaching of national instrumental music for elementary school student.

The second chapter mainly focuses on the practical investigation, through the issuance of questionnaires, interviews and field teaching practice of colleges and universities in Beijing to participate in form of primary school education projects to understand the present situation and problems of national instrumental music appreciation of the school, through the data statistics and finishing, from students, teachers, teaching materials and the environment four aspects to the preliminary elaboration and analysis of the elementary school music education in national instrumental music appreciation of the problems.

The third chapter is the focus of this paper and the difficulty of the research. This chapter is based on the data obtained from the actual investigation and the problems reflected by the teaching practice in the second chapter. And combined with field elaborates the teaching situation of students' feedback and data analysis, through the relevant investigation and interviews, learned that these problems are also common in other parts of the our country present stage of primary school music education, so the students themselves, teachers, perfect teaching materials, environment atmosphere to reflect on the four aspects. Based on the results of the survey, I analyze it, and finally give some improvement strategies and feasible suggestions

Epilogue part reaffirms the national instrumental music appreciation in our country elementary school music education, the importance of the concept in the trend of diversified culture, we need to develop the students' ability of aesthetic and appreciation since I was a child, keep up with the trend of the diversification of the premise is to know the local music culture, interpret their own national music culture, to the national music into his own blood, only fully understand the national music culture in a multicultural environment, correctly treat the national music culture and learn from other countries enjoy the nutrients. As we all know, school is the key base of folk music education. It is a common consensus in the field of education in China that education should be started from childhood. Therefore, it is particularly important to pay attention to the appreciation of ethnic instrumental music from primary school music curriculum, which is undoubtedly an important measure to consolidate the cultural inheritance foundation of ethnic music. Only under the guidance of multi-culture concept to carry out the primary ethnic Musical Instruments, cultivate the students' consciousness of ethnic music, sets up the goal of the development of national music, can in the both opportunities and challenges of multicultural environment occupies a place, so as to enhance their sense of national pride and self-confidence, one day really become the effective strength spread our national excellent culture.