近代日本侵略思想一直是学界的研究热点，全面、深入地分析近代日本侵略思想不仅有助于幕末以及近代日本思想史的研究，更有益于学界从源头分析、考察“大陆政策”、“大东亚共荣圈”等一系列对华侵略政策及侵略战争背后蕴含的侵略思想。幕末思想家佐藤信渊于1823年在著作《宇内混同秘策》中提出“宇内混同”思想，该思想主张日本作为“天地初始之国”，是“万国之本”，有必要对各国一一征服，最后统一世界。在此基础上，信渊更进一步，为首个侵略目标——中国，制订了详尽、完备的侵略方案，与百年后日本的侵华路线高度相似。佐藤信渊的“宇内混同”思想受到维新重臣大久保利通的重视，对近代日本对外侵略，特别是对华侵略思想、路线的形成有着深刻的影响，也成为“大陆政策”、“大东亚共荣圈”的理论来源之一。

文章以“宇内混同”思想为研究对象，分为绪论、正文、结语三部分，正文分为四章。第一章通过对佐藤信渊本人生平、著作及思想主张的考察，在探究“宇内混同”思想之前，首先对佐藤信渊有一个较为全面、准确的把握与认识。第二章以《宇内混同秘策》为切入点，全面考察“宇内混同”思想，分析该思想的本质及特征。第三章以“宇内混同”思想产生的社会历史根源为主题，就幕末的社会背景、复古神道的兴起与发展及佐藤信渊个人经历、性格三方面因素论述“宇内混同”思想形成的原因,而“宇内混同”思想形成的根源，在于佐藤信渊对复古神道中“皇国优越论”、“大和民族优越论”的吸收与运用。第四章着重论述后世对“宇内混同”思想的研究与评价，在分析对该思想两极化的评价后，作者认为“宇内混同”思想是一种极端侵略思想，是近代日本侵略思想的重要组成部分。对“宇内混同”思想的分析和认识，可以分为三层。表层即信渊自诩的“拯救苍生”，在信渊的视角下，“宇内混同”并非残酷的杀戮、侵略，而是“拯救苍生”的一种手段，经过皇国军队的征伐，世界万国终将归于日本，而日本也会担任起世界大家庭大家长的角色。 “宇内混同”的中层内涵是信渊在日本面临民族危机下主张的“海外雄飞论”，以对外扩张、殖民来富国强兵，走向世界。而“宇内混同”思想的最深层，即该思想的本质则是信渊以复古神道中的“皇国优越论”、“大和民族优越论”为立论根基，自诩本国优越、本民族优越，从而主张日本作为“万国之本”，理应统一世界的极端侵略思想。“宇内混同”思想不仅成为战时美化侵略的理论武器，至今也同其他侵略思想一样，阻碍着日本社会对侵略战争的理性认识。

The thought of modern Japanese aggression has always been a research hotspot in the academic circle. A comprehensive and in-depth analysis of the thought of modern Japanese aggression is not only conducive to the study of the end of the shogunate and modern Japanese thought, but also conducive to the academic circle's analysis and investigation of a series of aggressive policies towards China, including " Continent Policy" and "Greater East Asia Co-Prosperity Sphere", and the aggressive thoughts behind the aggressive war. In 1823,Nobuhiro Sato , a scholar at the end of the shogunate, put forward the idea of "Annex the world" in his book the secret policy of annexing the world, which advocated that Japan, as the "initial country of heaven and earth", is the "foundation of all countries". It is necessary to conquer all countries one by one and finally unify the world. On this basis, Nobuhiro further developed a detailed and complete plan of aggression for China, the first target of aggression, which is highly similar to Japan's route of aggression against China a hundred years later. Nobuhiro Sato's idea of "Annex the world" was valued by Michitori Okubo, an important reformer in Meiji Restoration. It had a profound influence on the formation of modern Japanese foreign aggression, especially the thought and route of aggression against China, and also became one of the theoretical sources of " Continent Policy " and "Greater East Asia Co-Prosperity Sphere".

This paper takes the idea of "Annex the world" as the research object, which is divided into three parts: introduction, body and conclusion, and the body is divided into four chapters. In the first chapter, through the investigation of Nobuhiro Sato's life, works and ideas, before exploring the idea of "Annex the world", we first have a comprehensive and accurate understanding of Nobuhiro Sato. In the second chapter, the author takes The secret policy of annexing the world as the starting point, comprehensively inspects the thought of "Annex the world", and analyzes its essence and characteristics. The third chapter takes the social and historical origin of the idea of "Annex the world" as the theme, and discusses the reasons for the formation of the idea of " Annex the world " from three aspects: the social background at the end of the shogunate, the rise and development of the Japanese back-to-ancient Shinto, Nobuhiro's personal experience and character.The root of the formation of the idea is the absorption and application of the theory of "the superiority of the imperial state" and "the superiority of the Yamto nation" in the Japanese back-to-ancient Shinto. The fourth chapter focuses on the research and evaluation of the idea of "Annex the world". After analyzing the polarized evaluation of the thought, the author thinks that the idea of "Annex the world" is an extremely aggressive thought and an important part of modern Japanese aggressive thought. There are three levels to analyze and understand the idea of " Annex the world ". On the surface, Nobuhiro's self proclaimed "saving the mortals". From the perspective of Nobuhiro, the " Annex the world " is not a cruel killing and aggression, but a means of "saving the mortals". After the expedition of the Imperial Army, the world will eventually be attributed to Japan, and Japan will also play the role of the head of the world family. The middle-level connotation of " Annex the world " is Nobuhiro’s "Overseas Flying Theory" in the face of the national crisis in Japan, which aims to enrich the country, strengthen the army and go to the world through external expansion and colonization. The most deep layer of the thought of " Annex the world ", that is, the essence of the thought is that Nobuhiro regards "the theory of the superiority of the imperial state" and "the theory of the superiority of the Yamato nation" in the ancient Shinto as its theoretical foundation, and claims that Japan, as the "root of all nations", should unify the extreme aggressive thought of the world. The idea of " Annex the world " not only became a theoretical weapon to beautify aggression in wartime, but also hindered the Japanese society's rational understanding of the war of aggression.