地表温度（Land Surface Temperature, LST）是局地以及全球尺度地表能量及水平衡相关物理过程中的一个非常重要的参数，其在气候及环境变化、天气预报、生态、生物及水文等相关研究领域得到了广泛的应用。地表温度的时空变化性强，限制了传统的地面定点测量温度的适应性。目前很多有关地表温度的应用研究都是使用国外的温度产品，如MODIS、ASTER等，所以很有必要发展针对我国已有卫星的相关地表温度产品。本研究主要选择了时空分辨率较高的风云三号A卫星的热红外通道数据，结合其热红外通道光谱响应特点，以普适性单通道算法为基础，发展适用于FY-3A/MERSI的单通道地表温度反演算法，主要从以下几方面展开算法研究：（1）地表发射率确定方法。以MODIS UCSB和ASTER光谱库中的数据为基础，分别拟合地表类型为沙子、土壤、混合像元时的GLASS宽波段发射率和FY-3A/MERSI发射率之间的关系式。（2）大气参数模拟。首先通过MODTRAN模拟了天底观测条件下大气的上行辐射、下行辐射、透过率三个大气参数与水汽的关系式，其次通过加入角度因子来拟合不同观测天顶角时，大气参数与水汽的关系式。（3）数据预处理。将FY-3A/MERSI的热红外通道数据、观测天顶角数据、水汽数据及GLASS发射率数据进行相应的数据处理得到空间相匹配的数据结果。（4）FY-3A/MERSI地表温度反演。以处理好的影像数据、模拟的大气参数关系式、拟合的发射率关系式为基础来反演地表温度。通过模拟数据和实测数据及参数优化对算法进行了评价。通过模拟数据对算法评价可以看出算法精度较高，但是由于受云及FY-3A/MERSI热红外通道数据定标等问题的影响，与实测数据相比，反演的地表温度值偏低。

Land Surface Temperature (Land Surface Temperature, LST) is an important parameter in the physical processes of land surface energy and water balance from regional to global scales, and it has been widely used in climate and environment change, weather forecast, ecological , biological, hydrological and related research fields. Satellite-derived land surface temperature can overcome the limitations of the traditional single point measurement. Many applications related to the land surface temperature are using the overseas products, such as MODIS, ASTER, so it is necessary to develop land surface products using our own satellites. In this study, we choose FY-3A/MERSI thermal infrared data with high spatial and temporal resolution and GLASS emissivity data as the source data for the retrieval of LST. The main research contents and conclusions are listed as follow:(1)Surface emissivity derivation. Using MODIS UCSB and ASTER data to fit the relation of GLASS broadband emissivity and FY-3A/MERSI channel emissivity for sand, soil, and mixed pixels.(2)Atmospheric parameters derivation. Firstly, using MODTRAN to simulate the atmospheric upward radiation, atmospheric downward radiation and atmospheric transmittance, then establish the relationship between the atmospheric parameters and total column water content under the condition of 0 observing zenith angle. Finally, the relation between the atmospheric parameters and total column water content in different observe zenith angles are established.(3) Data preprocessing. Mainly includes the pixel matching and radiometric calibration.(4)Land surface temperature retrieval for FY -3A/MERSI. The simulation data was used to evaluate the accuracy of the proposed algorithm, which indicated that the algorithm precision is higher than xx. But due to the influences of cloud and FY-3A/MERSI thermal infrared channel data calibration problems, the retrieved land surface temperatures are lower than the in-situ measured values.