绝对音感指在没有参照音的情况下识别出一个音的色彩度对一个音进行命名或产生一个特定音高的音的能力。有关绝对音感者的音高加工机制，研究者提出了绝对音感的两因素模型以及神经生物模型。 绝对音感者的大脑结构和联结特征与非绝对音感者存在差异。绝对音感易 受到听觉环境、 年龄 、激素、药物等因素的影响。绝对音感与其他认知现象存在密切联系。 绝对音感者有更强的工作记忆能力 有更高的自闭症倾向，更容易拥有联觉。未来研究可进一步完善绝对音感的定义，改进绝对音感测量方法，进一步探究绝对音感者对人声、非准音的加工以及绝对音感者的相对音感能力。

Absolute pitch refers to the ability to identify the chroma of a pitch(label the pitch)without any external reference. The two-component model and the neurobiology model have been proposed to illustrate the mechanism of pitch processing of absolute pitch possessors. Absolute pitch possessors have distinct features of brain structure and connectivity compared with individuals without absolute pitch. Absolute pitch is closely related to other cognitive phenomena. Absolute pitch possessors exhibit stronger working memory capacities and higher autistic traits and tend to possess synesthesia. Future studies should improve the definition of absolute pitch and refine the absolute pitch tests. Further investigations should address how absolute pitch possessors process human voice and out-of-tune tones and the relative pitch ability of absolute pitch possessors.