自新冠肺炎疫情爆发以来，全球各国都在积极应对这一严重的公共卫生事件。随着疫情逐渐得到控制，各高校正常开学，大学生重新开始恢复正常学业和社交活动。然而，疫情对大学生产生了巨大影响，尤其是心理健康方面。本研究基于家庭系统理论，探讨了居家隔离、春节聚会和返校学习三个阶段中，家庭亲密度对大学生心理健康和防疫行为的影响。

本研究探讨了居家隔离、春节聚会和返校学习这三个阶段中，家庭亲密度对大学生心理健康和防疫行为的影响。研究结合理论文献分析、问卷调查和统计分析，包括 4 个研究，研究 1 通过自编问卷测量居家时期的家庭亲密度、家庭责任感、居家防疫行为、照顾家人行为、照顾家人态度以及感知威胁，对 1216 名高校学生进行问卷调查。研究 2 通过自编问卷测量春节时期的聚会防疫行为、聚会态度、家庭亲密度、家庭责任感、以及新冠后遗症态度和感知威胁，对 1086 名高校学生进行问卷调查。研究 3 通过自编问卷测量返校时期的家庭亲密度、在校防疫行为、对新冠死亡病例态度、囤货行为、联系频率、新冠特定焦虑，对 978 名高校学生进行问卷调查。广泛性焦虑量表、患者健康问卷-9 项抑郁量表在三个时期重复测量。从横向上探究三个时期的家庭亲密度对大学生心理健康和防疫行为的影响。研究 4 采用 1216 名高校学生的三次问卷调查结果，包括研究 1、研究 2 和研究三中家庭亲密度、抑郁和焦虑数据以及研究 1 和研究 3 中佩戴口罩、保持社交距离、参与聚会三种防疫行为的数据，从纵向上探究大学生家庭亲密度、心理健康以及防疫行为的变化。

研究一发现：居家时期，家庭亲密度、家庭责任感和抑郁在性别上差异显著，家庭亲密度与居家防疫行为、家庭责任感显著正相关与照顾家人行为、感知威胁不相关。家庭责 任感在家庭亲密度与居家防疫行为上存在中介作用。

研究二发现：家庭亲密度、家庭责任感、新冠后遗症态度、聚会态度在性别上差异显著，家庭责任感和聚会防疫行为在春节居住地类型上差异显著。家庭亲密度与聚会防疫行为、家庭责任感显著正相关，与聚会态度、感知威胁、抑郁和焦虑显著负相关，与新冠后遗症态度不相关。家庭责任感在家庭亲密度与聚会防疫行为上存在中介作用。

研究三发现：联系频率在性别上差异显著，囤货行为、新冠特定焦虑、焦虑、抑郁和对新冠死亡病例态度在有无后遗症情况上差异显著。家庭亲密度与在校防疫行为、囤货行为、联系频率、新冠特定焦虑、对新冠死亡病例态度显著正相关，与焦虑和抑郁显著负相关。对新冠死亡病例态度在家庭亲密度和联系频率上存在中介作用。

研究四发现：家庭亲密度、焦虑、抑郁以及防疫行为(佩戴口罩、保持社交距离、参加聚会)均有显著差异。春节时期家庭亲密度最低，居家时期家庭亲密度最高。焦虑和抑郁在三次测量中逐渐降低。佩戴口罩行为、保持社交距离行为降低、参加聚会行为增多。

综上所述，后疫情时代，家庭亲密度对大学生的心理健康和防疫行为具有重要影响。提高家庭亲密度有助于增强大学生的家庭责任感，大学生与家庭成员之间的沟通和交流，有助于减少疫情对大学生的身心影响。

Since the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic, countries worldwide have been actively responding to this severe public health event. In recent years, as the pandemic has gradually been brought under control, universities have resumed normal classes, and college students have resumed their regular academic and social activities. However, the pandemic has had a significant impact on college students, especially in terms of mental health. This study, based on family systems theory, explores the impact of family intimacy on college students' mental health and epidemic prevention behaviors during three stages: home isolation, Spring Festival gatherings, and returning to school.

This study explores the impact of family intimacy on college students' mental health and epidemic prevention behaviors during home isolation, Spring Festival gatherings, and returning to school. The study combines theoretical literature analysis, questionnaire surveys, and statistical analysis, and includes four studies. Study 1 surveyed 1,216 college students on family intimacy, family responsibility, home epidemic prevention behavior, caring for family members, and perceived threat during the home isolation period. Study 2 surveyed 1,086 college students on gathering epidemic prevention behavior, gathering attitudes, family intimacy, family responsibility, and post-COVID-19 sequelae attitudes and perceived threat during the Spring Festival period. Study 3 surveyed 978 college students on family intimacy, school epidemic prevention behavior, stockpiling behavior, contact frequency, and COVID-19-specific anxiety during the return to school period. Generalized anxiety scale and Patient Health Questionnaire-9 depression scale were repeatedly measured during the three periods. Study 4 used the questionnaire results of the 1,216 college students, including family intimacy, depression, and anxiety data in studies 1, 2, and 3, and data on wearing masks, maintaining social distance, and participating in gatherings in studies 1 and 3, to longitudinally explore the changes in college students' family intimacy, mental health, and epidemic prevention behaviors.

Study 1 found that during the home isolation period, family intimacy, family responsibility,and depression had significant gender differences. Family intimacy was significantly positively correlated with home epidemic prevention behavior and family responsibility, but not with caring for family members' behavior, attitudes, or perceived threat. Family responsibility mediated the relationship between family intimacy and home epidemic prevention behavior.

Study 2 found that family intimacy, family responsibility, post-COVID-19 sequelae attitudes, and gathering attitudes had significant gender differences, and family responsibility and gathering epidemic prevention behavior had significant differences based on the type of residence during the Spring Festival. Family intimacy was significantly positively correlated with gathering epidemic prevention behavior and family responsibility, and negatively correlated with gathering attitudes, perceived threat, depression, and anxiety. Family responsibility mediated the relationship between family intimacy and gathering epidemic prevention behavior.

Study 3 found that contact frequency had significant gender differences, while stockpiling behavior, COVID-19-specific anxiety, anxiety, depression, and attitudes towards COVID-19 death cases had significant differences based on the presence or absence of sequelae. Family intimacy was significantly positively correlated with school epidemic prevention behavior, stockpiling behavior, contact frequency, COVID-19-specific anxiety, and attitudes towards COVID-19 death cases, and negatively correlated with anxiety and depression. Attitudes towards COVID-19 death cases mediated the relationship between family intimacy and contact frequency.

Study 4 found that there were significant differences in family intimacy, anxiety, depression, and epidemic prevention behaviors (wearing masks, maintaining social distance, attending gatherings). Family intimacy was lowest during the Spring Festival period and highest during the home isolation period. Anxiety and depression gradually decreased during the three measurements. Wearing masks and maintaining social distance behaviors decreased, while attending gatherings increased.

In conclusion, in the post-pandemic era, family intimacy has a significant impact on college students' mental health and epidemic prevention behaviors. Improving family intimacy helps enhance college students' sense of family responsibility, and communication and exchange between college students and family members can help reduce the physical and mental impact of the epidemic on college students.