Under the background of global climate change, the transformation and upgrading of enterprise production mode to green and sustainable development is the only way to promote energy conservation and emission reduction, environmental friendly development and high-quality development. Xinjiang is a key area of green development and a fragile area of ecological environment. It is urgent to develop a green and sustainable production mode in the key industries of green emission reduction in aquaculture and textile industry. The quality of the waste disposal system of large-scale livestock farms is the focus of realizing the sustainable development goals. At the same time, the cotton textile industry has high material energy consumption, serious environmental emissions and pollution, has a great potential for clean production and energy saving and emission reduction space.

Through the comparative study of two kinds of biogas engineering in the breeding industry (Automatic integration fermentation system, AI; Long chain fermentation system, LC) and a comparative study of the production mode of cotton textile industry and the cleaner production standard of the industry. The method of combining life cycle assessment and scenario analysis is adopted to quantitatively evaluate the environmental impact potential value, accurately identify major environmental impact types, identify key processes and substances, and optimize the production links and technological processes. At the same time, according to the special needs of low carbon and water saving in Xinjiang, the clean production index of cotton textile industry is taken as the low-carbon standard, and the carbon reduction index (CR) is constructed to quantitatively calculate the low-carbon benefits of the production mode of cotton textile industry. The Integrated Consumption Water (ICW) index is classified and constructed, and the water-saving effect is compared and analyzed, so as to provide case support for the green water-saving sustainable development of Xinjiang regional economy.

The main analysis results and conclusions of this study are as follows:

(1) In the two farms waste management pattern contrast research, environmental acidification  (AP), global warming (GWP) and eutrophication (EP), respectively, as the main environmental impact type, mainly caused by the emissions of nitrogen oxides in the storage and compost phase, is a key link in the process of the environmental impact before waste during processing and storage, accounted for 60.89%,The key substances are ammonia and nitrogen oxides. The Comprehensive Environmental Impact (CEI) of LC system is relatively small.

(2) In the study of water-saving benefit evaluation, LC system is more in line with water-saving standards. The drip-irrigation technology of biogas slurry can realize efficient Water compensation. The Integrated Consumption Water (ICW) of LC system is 0.30 t, which is 73% lower than that of AI (1.11 t), and it is a water-saving production mode. In the transformation and upgrading of the actual production mode of green water saving, the advantages of the two systems should be integrated, and the process of dry cleaning dung pre-treatment - automatic fermentation gas production - end biogas slurry filtration drip irrigation should be adopted.

(3) Environmental acidification (AP), global warming (GWP) and fossil fuel consumption (ADP) are the main environmental impact types in the research on the life cycle assessment of cotton textile production mode. The key link is the yarn dyeing stage, the environmental impact of which accounts for more than 60% of the total impact; It was followed by the textile stage, which accounted for about 20%, and the spinning stage, which accounted for 17.547%.The key substance is electric energy, which is mainly manifested in the huge direct consumption of electric energy, especially the consumption of coal in the upstream thermal power generation. The environmental impact assessment of cotton textile production mode is lower than the cleaner production standard and conforms to the first level standard, and the material energy consumption and pollutant emission are generally reduced.

(4) In the low carbon benefit accounting research of cotton textile production mode, the carbon reduction amount of 1 t cotton textile is 635.54 kg CO₂-eq by calculating the low carbon benefit of cotton textile industry with cleaner production standard, and the carbon reduction result of cotton textile industry in China is significantly estimated by this standard.

Based on the research on the life cycle of the production mode of the two enterprises, it is suggested that ammonia gas and nitrogen oxides, by-products of pre-fermentation, should be avoided in the pre-treatment and storage stage of feces during the waste treatment of the farms. Cotton textile mills should pay attention to saving electric energy, improve the harmless treatment technology of dyeing wastewater, and promote the green, low-carbon and sustainable development of production mode.