基于等离子体增强荧光效应（PEF）的金属纳米结构被认为是极有前途的材料，金属表面等离子体和吸附在金属衬底表面以及其周围的荧光基团之间存在的相互作用，可以改善传统荧光基团光漂白、荧光寿命短等问题，可以被用来检测重要的生物大分子，灵敏度高、背景信号低，大大拓展了金属纳米荧光探针在生物医药技术及其他方面的应用范围。论文首先简要介绍了增强型纳米荧光探针的最新研究现状以及研究意义；其次，对各类增强型金属纳米荧光材料的结构与制备方法进行综述，并从三个角度对金属增强荧光的机理展开具体分析；最后，介绍了增强型纳米荧光探针在生物光学成像、造影成像、靶向释药、生物分子诊断以及光热转化治疗等生物医药领域的应用及最新研究进展。

Metal nanostructures based on plasma enhanced fluorescence (PEF) are considered to be very promising materials, Interactions between metal surface plasmas and fluorophores adsorbed on and around metal substrates can improve the traditional problem of fluorescent light bleaching and short fluorescence life. They can be used to detect important biological macromolecules with high sensitivity and low background signals, which can expand their applications in biomedicine and other fields. In this paper, the latest research status and significance of enhanced nano-fluorescent probes (ENPs) are introduced firstly. Secondly, the structures and their preparation of various ENPs were reviewed, and the fluorescence enhancement mechanism of ENPs was analyzed from three perspectives. Finally, the applications and recent research progress of ENPs in biomedicine fields such as bio-optical imaging and contrast imaging, drug targeted transport and controlled release, biomolecule diagnosis and photothermal conversion therapy are reviewed.