近年来断陷盆地已成为油气藏勘探开发中的重要方向之一，车镇凹陷是济阳坳陷的次级构造单元，为典型的断陷盆地。其内部深水重力流沉积物中显示出丰富的油气资源，但研究区内对深水重力流沉积砂砾岩体及有效储层的展布规律认识还存在诸多问题，尚未有系统的认识，严重制约了该区块的勘探与开发。针对现今勘探开发的难点，为提升对有效储层预测和识别的精度，本文以车镇凹陷沙三-沙四段为研究对象，在测井、录井、三维地震、分析化验等资料的基础上，对研究区的物源体系及古地貌展开分析，并通过大量的岩心观察和综合分析，探讨凹陷内砂砾岩体搬运沉降的地貌形态、流体演化机制、沉积类型、时空演化特征、沉积模式和控制因素等。以便后期更好地揭示有效储层的展布，实现有效储层预测。

通过三维地震资料、沉积学特征和层序地层理论等，对研究区内沙三-沙四段地层关键层序界面进行标定，明确各级层序界面划分依据及特征。并通过井-震对比在全区范围内开展地震解释，对物源和古地貌特征展开研究。研究目的层中共识别出五个III级层序，并总结出三期层序地层发育模式。对物源展开研究，北部埕子口凸起为主要的物源区，南部无棣凸起在早期沉积提供物源供给。研究区内可识别出碳酸盐岩母岩、变质岩母岩、碳酸盐岩-变质岩混合母岩以及不稳定母岩等4类物源区。受两次裂陷运动的影响，车镇凹陷内表现出复杂的斜坡特征，共识别出断裂坡折带和挠曲坡折带2类，且在斜坡上可见“U”型、“V”型和“W”型等3种古沟谷类型发育，通过半定量方法对其控砂能力进行分析，明确了“U”型沟谷控砂能力比“V”型控砂能力强，“W”型控砂能力最差的特点。

车镇凹陷沙三-沙四段中包含12种岩相类型，北部以重力沉积为主，也可见重力流向牵引流转换沉积充填特征，南部以牵引流沉积为主，其中重力流流体包括粘性碎屑流、非粘性碎屑流、高密度浊流和低密度浊流。依据岩相和岩相组合特征，在研究区内识别出近岸水下扇、扇三角洲、浅水三角洲、滑塌水下扇、冲积扇、辫状河扇、湖泊和滩坝共8种沉积相类型。并厘清各地层沉积时期沉积演化规律，北部陡坡带发育冲积扇沉积—扇三角洲—近岸水下扇（滑塌水下扇）—扇三角洲的沉积演化规律，南部缓坡带发育辫状河扇—浅水三角洲—滨浅湖-浅湖沉积演化规律，洼陷内部则发育滨浅湖—滑塌水下扇—深湖-半深湖湖泊沉积演化规律。

在断陷盆地斜坡系统下，砂砾岩体受古斜坡、古沟道和构造转换带等古地貌单元以及湖平面变化等因素的综合影响，其展布具有空间异向性特征。在明确砂砾岩体分布及控制因素的基础上，综合构造活动、物源特征、岩相和沉积相等有效储层的控制因素，建立有效储层评价方案，并将研究区划分出3类储层，进一步厘清有效储层的展布规律，实现有效储层预测。

In recent years, faulted basins have become one of the important directions in the exploration and development of oil and gas reservoirs. The Chezhen sag is a secondary structural unit of the Jiyang Depression and a typical faulted basin. There are abundant oil and gas resources displayed in the deep water gravity flow sediments within the study area, but there are still many problems in the distribution patterns of deep water gravity flow sedimentary glutenite body and effective reservoirs in the study area. There is no systematic understanding, which seriously restricts the exploration and development of hidden oil and gas reservoirs in this block. In response to the difficulties of current exploration and development and improve the accuracy of effective reservoir prediction and identification, this article takes the Es3 and Es4 members in the Chezhen sag as an example. Based on logging, 3D seismic data, experimental data and other data, the geomorphic morphology, fluid evolution mechanism, sedimentary types, spatiotemporal evolution characteristics, sedimentary patterns, and control factors of the transportation are explored through a large number of core observations and comprehensive analysis. It can better reveal the distribution of effective reservoirs and achieve effective reservoir prediction.

By using 3D seismic data, sedimentary characteristics, and sequence stratigraphy theory, the key sequence boundaries of the Es3 and Es4 members in the study area were calibrated, and the basis and characteristics for dividing sequence boundaries at all levels were clarified. And conduct seismic interpretation throughout the entire region through well seismic comparison, and conduct research on the characteristics of material sources and ancient landforms. five III sequences are divided and three development patterns of sequence stratigraphy  are summarized. The provenance and paleogeomorphic features have been identified. The northern Chengzikou uplift is the main source area, while the southern Wudi uplift provided provenance supply during early sedimentation. Four types of provenance areas can be identified in the study area, including carbonate parent rock, metamorphic rock parent rock, carbonate metamorphic rock mixed parent rock and unstable parent rock. Affected by two rifting movements, the Chezhen sag exhibits complex slope characteristics, with two types of slope break zones identified: fault slope break zones and curved slope break zones. Three ancient valley types, including "U", "V", and "W", can be seen on the slope. Through semi quantitative analysis of its sand control ability, it is clear that the "U" shaped valley has stronger sand control ability than the "V" shaped valley, while the "W" shaped valley has the worst sand control ability.

Through the study of a large number of core observations and well logging data, 12 types of lithofacies are included in the Es3 and Es4 members of the Chezhen sag. The sedimentary fluid is mainly gravity flow fluid deposition, while the southern part is mainly traction flow sedimentary body. Gravity flow fluid includes viscous debris flow, non viscous debris flow, high-density turbidity flow, and low-density turbidity flow. According to the characteristics of lithofacies and lithofacies combination, 8 sedimentary facies types are identified in the study area, including nearshore subaqueous fan, fan delta, shallow water delta, slump subaqueous fan, alluvial fan, braided river fan, lake and beach bar. In the northern steep slope zone, the alluvial fan—fan delta—nearshore underwater fan (slumping underwater fan)—fan delta sedimentary system is developed. In the southern gentle slope, the braided river fan—shallow water delta—shore shallow lake sedimentary system is developed. In the depression, shore shallow lake—slump subaqueous fan—(semi-)deep lake sedimentary system is developed.

Under the slope system of a fault basin, glutenite body are comprehensively influenced by ancient geomorphic units such as ancient slopes, ancient channels, and structural transformation zones, and changes of lake level, and their distribution has spatial anisotropy characteristics. On the basis of clarifying the distribution and control factors of glutenite body, and integrating the control factors of effective reservoirs such as tectonic activity, source characteristics, lithofacies, and sedimentation, an effective reservoir evaluation plan is established. The research area is divided into three types of reservoirs to further clarify the distribution rules of effective reservoirs and achieve effective reservoir prediction in the next step.