光催化水分解产氢是能够缓解能源危机和气候危机极具前景的方法之一。为此很多研究都在探索各种类型的光催化剂。钙钛矿型光催化材料和类石墨相氮化碳（g-C₃N₄）都由于其各自的优势成为了光催化领域中十分有前景的材料，但这两种材料也存在各自的缺点，例如光生载流子复合率高、比表面积低等，使得其光催化活性还有较大的提升空间。

针对两种光催化材料存在的问题，本文将LaFeO₃和g-C₃N₄复合形成Z-型异质结，成功得到了掺杂比不同的一系列LaFeO₃/g-C₃N₄纳米异质结复合材料。之后进行了X射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)以及紫外可见漫反射光谱(UV-Vis DRS)，对制得的光催化剂进行晶体结构、微观形貌、光吸收性能和能级结构的表征。表征结果显示呈珊瑚状的LaFeO₃已经成功地负载到g-C₃N₄的片状表面上，印证已经成功制备了一系列掺杂比不同LaFeO₃/g-C₃N₄复合光催化剂，且通过UV-Vis漫反射光谱显示掺杂后的光催化剂不仅提高了光吸收强度，还扩大了光的利用范围。在全光谱光催化分解水产氢性能实验中，LaFeO₃/10wt%g-C₃N₄复合光催化剂的光解水产氢性能最好，达到了342.34μmol·g^-1·h^-1，分别是LaFeO₃和g-C₃N₄的2.8倍和1.7倍，光催化活性得到了显著提高。

Photocatalytic water splitting to produce hydrogen is one of the most promising approaches to alleviate the energy crisis and climate crisis. For this reason, many studies are exploring various types of photocatalysts. Both perovskite photocatalytic materials and graphitic carbon nitride (g-C₃N₄) have become very promising materials in the field of photocatalysis due to their respective advantages. These two materials also have their own shortcomings, such as high recombination rate of photogenerated carriers and low specific surface area, which make their photocatalytic activity still have a large room for improvement.

Aiming at the problems of the two photocatalytic materials, this paper combined LaFeO₃ and g-C₃N₄ to form a Z-type heterojunction, and successfully obtained a series of LaFeO₃/ g-C₃N₄ nanoheterojunction composites with different doping ratios. After that, X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and ultraviolet-visible diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (UV-Vis DRS) were performed to investigate the crystal structure, microscopic morphology, light absorption properties and energy level structure of the prepared photocatalysts. The characterization results show that the coral-like LaFeO₃ has been successfully loaded on the spatial layered surface of g-C₃N₄, which confirms that a series of LaFeO₃/ g-C₃N₄ composite photocatalysts with different doping ratios have been successfully prepared. The UV-Vis diffuse reflectance spectrum show that the doped photocatalyst not only improves the light absorption intensity, but also expands the light utilization range. In the experiment of full-spectrum photocatalytic water splitting for hydrogen production, the LaFeO₃/10wt% g-C₃N₄ composite photocatalyst has the best photocatalytic hydrogen production performance, reaching 342.34 μmol·g^-1·h^-1, which are 2.8 times of LaFeO₃ and 1.7 times of g-C₃N₄. The photocatalytic activity has been significantly improved.