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中文题名:

 我国未成年人财产权法律保护探究    

姓名:

 刘颖坤    

保密级别:

 公开    

论文语种:

 中文    

学科代码:

 035101    

学科专业:

 法律(非法学)    

学生类型:

 硕士    

学位:

 法律硕士    

学位类型:

 专业学位    

学位年度:

 2018    

校区:

 北京校区培养    

学院:

 法学院    

研究方向:

 青少年法    

第一导师姓名:

 沈鹏    

第一导师单位:

 北京师范大学法学院    

提交日期:

 2018-05-25    

答辩日期:

 2018-05-16    

外文题名:

 MINORS‘ PROPERTY RIGHTS LEGAL PROTECTION IN CHINA    

中文关键词:

 未成年人 ; 财产权 ; 法律保护 ; 亲权 ; 监护    

中文摘要:
随着社会经济的发展和现代家庭财产体系的复杂化,未成年人通过接受赠与、继承或者参与劳动而获得财产收益的机会也逐渐增多。互联网的普及与自媒体的兴盛潮流下,未成年人通过运营“公众号”、做“直播”、发明创造、参与影视娱乐活动和技能竞赛活动等方式都可以获得一定的财产收益。因此,建立完善的法律制度保护未成年人的财产权显得尤为重要。 未成年人虽然不具备完全民事行为能力,但其具备与成年人相同的民事权利能力,有其独立的法律人格,未成年人的财产权理应获得与成年人同等的法律保护。然而,我国实践中存在大量侵害未成年人财产权的案例,特别是在家庭内部,成员之间的权利侵害具有极强的隐蔽性,侵权行为往往被忽视,未成年人的财产权遭受侵害不易诉诸法律途径解决。与此同时,我国立法对未成年人财产权的保护存在空白,使司法审判缺乏明确的法律依据,未成年人的财产权益得不到充分而有效的保障,因此,我国亟需在法律上完善未成年人的财产权保护。本文从家庭关系的内部视角出发,试图探讨父母(监护人)与未成年人(被监护人)之间的财产界定问题,以及监护人在履行监护职责过程中对未成年人财产的权限和责任问题,以期为未来我国完善未成年人财产权的法律保护提供参考。笔者从四个部分论述本文: 第一部分,对未成年人财产权保护制度进行概述。随着亲子法从古时“家族本位”,逐渐演变为当今“子女本位”,未成年人财产权的法律保护也经历了从无到有的过程。因此,保护未成年人财产权是现代家庭伦理关系发展的必然趋势,同时也有利于避免内部家庭纠纷。 第二部分,笔者对我国未成年人财产权的法律保护现状进行了立法及司法实践上的梳理和评析,发现我国对于未成年人财产权的法律保护体系残缺而混乱,法律规定过于笼统抽象,多为原则性规定,缺乏具体操作性;同时发现在司法实践中存在着大量侵害未成年人财产权的案例,因为立法的空白,司法审判也面临着诸多困境。 第三部分,笔者对我国未成年人财产权法律保护中的几个重要的基本问题进行分析,为最后提出我国未成年人财产权法律保护的完善建议提供分析基础:其中,对于我国立法空白之处,笔者结合了世界各国或地区立法中的相关规定,提出了我国未来立法可参考借鉴之处;对于我国立法已有的规定,笔者分析了我国司法实践中的审判情况,指出了其中合理与不合理之处,并提出笔者的意见。 第四部分,笔者对我国未来如何完善未成年人财产权的法律保护提出了建议。未来我国应该明确规定和限制父母及其他监护人对于未成年人财产监管的权利和义务,同时设立监护监督人,将公权力机关介入未成年保护,来全面实现未成年人财产权的法律保护。
外文摘要:
With the development of the social economy and the complexity of the modern family property system, the opportunities for minors to gain property income by accepting gifts, inheriting or participating in labor are gradually increasing. The popularity of the Internet and the media under the flourishing trend of minors through operations "public" and "live", inventions, to participate in the activities of film and television entertainment and skills competition, can get certain property income. Therefore, it is very important to establish a perfect legal system to protect the property rights of minors. Minors although do not have full capacity for civil conduct, but it to be the same as the adult capacity for civil rights, has the independent legal personality, the property rights of minors should get legal protection equal to those of adults. In practice, however, there are a large number of cases of violations of the minors' property rights, especially within the family, between the members of rights violations have extremely strong concealment, tort is often neglected, the property rights of minors to suffer the infringement is not easy to resort to legal solution. At the same time, the protection of property rights legislation for minors in our country is blank, make justice the lack of a clear legal basis, the property rights of minors to get full and effective safeguard, therefore, our country needs to be in law to perfect the property rights of minors. From the internal perspective of family relationships, this paper tries to discuss the parents (guardian) with a minor property between (the guardian) define the problem, and the guardian in the process of fulfill their duties of guardianship of minors' property rights and responsibility, in order to perfect the legal protection of property rights of minors in our country for the future reference. The author discusses this article from four parts: The first chapter is an overview of the property rights protection system of minors. As the parent-child law evolved from the ancient "family standard", it gradually evolved into the "children's standard", and the legal protection of the property rights of minors also experienced the process from nothing to nothing. Therefore, protecting the property rights of minors is an inevitable trend of the development of modern family ethics, and also helps to avoid internal family disputes. The second chapter, the author of the present conditions of the legal protection of property rights of minors in our country legislation and judicial practice of carding and evaluation, found for minors in our country legal protection of property rights system is incomplete and chaotic, the law is too general, more for principled regulations, lack of specific operational; At the same time, it is found that there are many cases of infringement on the property rights of minors in the judicial practice, because of the blank of legislation, the judicial trial also faces many difficulties. In the third chapter, the author of minors in our country several important basic problems on the legal protection of property rights analysis, for the final suggestion to the improvement of the property rights of minors in our country legal protection to provide analysis basis: among them, the blank in legislation in our country, the author combined with the related regulations in the countries or regions of the world legislation, puts forward the legislation in our country in the future, which can be used for reference The author analyzes the judicial situation in China's judicial practice, points out the reasonable and unreasonable points, and puts forward the author's opinion. The fourth chapter, the author puts forward some Suggestions on how to improve the legal protection of minors' property rights in the future. The future of our country should make clear a regulation and restrictions on the parents or other guardians for minors' property rights and obligations of the regulation, to set up the guardianship supervisor at the same time, the public power organ involvement in juvenile protection, to fully realize the legal protection of property rights of minors.
参考文献总数:

 63    

作者简介:

 北京师范大学2015级硕士生    

馆藏号:

 硕035101/18087    

开放日期:

 2019-07-09    

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