“新加坡视角”下的中国现代文学研究摘　要本文通过新加坡学者郑子瑜、方修、王润华和林万菁对中国现代文学作家作品的研究，考察新加坡中国现代文学研究的历史与现状。在世界背景下各国视角下探究“新加坡视角”的特殊性。新加坡学者都以“文学多元化”的概念在曲折的路程中求发展，并形成一种独特的文学风格，具有浓厚的地域色彩。新加坡华文文学不但是国家文学重要的组成部分，也是独立于中国文学之外的一支华文文学。由于新加坡特殊的地理位置，社会文化环境，使新加坡学者具有开放的现代观念与全球意识。在传统与现代的交融，东方文化与西方文化的撞击和互补下，在治学与学术研究上都以中西理论两方汇合，在多元种族文化下拓展跨国、多元文化视角的中国现代文学研究。从学术史、学科史的角度来看，新加坡的“中国现代文学研究”分为三个阶段。第一阶段：是一九八○年以前的研究，以郑子瑜对鲁迅，郁达夫及方修的“革命现实主义”研究为代表。第二阶段：一九八○年以后的研究，以王润华的中西文学关系研究，比较文学研究及“新批评”混合治学及林万菁对鲁迅的修辞研究为代表。第三个阶段：世纪之交的研究，以王润华的“越界跨国”、“后殖民文学理论”为代表。研究成果也扎根在高校课程的设置。即有南京大学，北京师范大学与新加坡联办的中国语言文学学士、硕士与博士课程，推动了中国现代文学的研究。本论文由五个部分组成。绪论说明研究“新加坡视角”的意义，研究的历史与现状。第一章简略梳理在世界背景下欧美与前苏联等视角的中国现代文学研究，同样属于社会主义的国家，前苏联的中国现代文学研究遵循一套革命化的意识形态，呈现“左翼”的思想特征。欧美的中国现代文学研究是指在西欧、北美的资本主义体系下，着重思想性与实用性，强调研究当代问题的“中国学”（Chinese studies）从边缘走向主流的“欧美视角”。日本、韩国等是构成“东亚”视角的主要成员。第二章从新加坡的社会历史条件，研究历程及新加坡华文教育发展看中国现代文学在新加坡的研究。第三章论述王润华之中国现代文学研究的新典范，以“新批评”理论对作为“诗人批评家”（poet-critic）的沈从文研究；后殖民文学理论（Theory and Practice in Post-Colonial）背景下的老舍研究；比较视域下的鲁迅研究及“海外五四新诗学”研究（Chinese Overseas Poetry）。第四章论述方修对郁达夫的政论文研究；梳理郁达夫南洋作品研究在新加坡；郑子瑜的鲁迅诗学研究及林万菁的鲁迅修辞学研究，显示新加坡视角的特殊性。关键词：新加坡视角，中国现代文学研究，新加坡华文文学

Modern Chinese Literature: A Singapore PerspectiveABSTRACTThis thesis examines the history and current status of modern Singapore Chinese literature through the works of eminent scholars and writers in modern Chinese literary studies such as Zheng Ziyu, Fang Xiu, Wang Runhua and Lin Wanjing. It will explore the specificity of the “Singapore perspective” within the context of particular world literatures. Scholars in Singapore have invoked the concept of "literary pluralism" in the difficult developmental journey and formation of a unique local literary style, infused with strong regional characteristics. Singapore Chinese literature is not only an important part of its national literature, but also an independent area of study and advancement within Chinese literature itself. Due to Singapore’s geographical location, multi-racial socio-cultural environment, Singapore’s scholars have largely been open to modern ideas and globally aware. Blending traditional and modern Western and Eastern cultures in impactful and complementary ways, its scholarship and academic research have converged on the confluence of both Chinese and Western theories. Modern Chinese literary studies thereby have also progressed under the expansive sign of cross-cultural communication or global multiculturalism.From the point of view of the history of literary studies, there were three stages. The first stage refers to the research done before the 1980s, exemplified by Zheng Ziyu’s research on “revolutionary realism” in the writings of Lu Xun, Yu Dafu and Fang Xiu. The second stage refers to the post-1980s research of Wang Runhua which focused on the relationship between Chinese and Western literary studies, comparative literature and "New Criticism", as well as Lin Wanjing’s study of Lu Xun’s rhetoric. The third stage refers to work of Wang Runhua at the turn-of-the-21st century, where he promulgated the ideas “cross-border transnationality" and "postcolonial literary theory". Such research developments were also rooted within the university curriculum as Nanjing University, Beijing Normal University and the Singapore collaborated to offer undergraduate, master’s and doctoral programmes in Chinese Language and Literature so as to promote the study of modern Chinese literature. This thesis consists of five parts. The introduction delineates the significance of investigating the "Singapore perspective", its history and current status. The first chapter will survey briefly modern Chinese literature in the context of international socialism especially in Eastern Europe and the former Soviet Union, as they followed a set of revolutionary ideology, demonstrating leftist intellectualism. European and American versions of modern Chinese literature take their cues from the capitalist system in Western Europe and North America, emphasizing the study of practical and contemporary issues, but this “European perspective” has helped pushed “Chinese Studies” from the margins to the mainstream. Japan and South Korea were seen to be key constituents of the "East Asian" perspective. The next chapter looks at the social and historical conditions in Singapore that have contributed to the process, such as the development of Chinese education in Singapore and its relationship to modern Chinese literature studies. The third chapter discusses the work of Wang Runhua as the new model for modern Chinese literary studies, with his use of "New Criticism" theory to probe the "poet critic" stance of Shen Congwen; his deployment of postcolonial literary theory in the study of Lao She; his insight into comparative visual studies of Lu Xun and research on "Overseas May Fourth Poetry”. The fourth chapter explores Fang Xiu’s treatment of Yu Dafu’s political treatises, his systematic research of Yu Dafu’s Nanyang writings in Singapore, as well as Zheng Ziyu’s study of Lu Xun’s poetics and Lin Wanjing on Lu Xun’s rhetoric. These aspects will enable us to discern and highlight the specificity of the “Singapore Perspective”.KEY WORDS：Singapore perspective, modern Chinese literature, Chinese literature in Singapore