TMS脑调控技术结合脑成像技术近年来逐渐成为研究热点，出现了如TMS-EEG、TMS-fMRI和TMS-PET等系统，相比于这些系统TMS-fNIRS系统具有时间分辨率较高、结构简单和成本较低等优点，且是非侵入模式，不会带来任何损害。因此设计一种能联合TMS脑调控设备的实时fNIRS脑成像系统，将会为研究动态脑功能连接和实时监控脑调控效果等方面提供有效的工具。 首先，阐述了开发fNIRS脑成像系统和TMS刺激系统基于的基本原理。fNIRS系统主要基于神经血管耦合、近红外光谱特性和修正的比尔—朗伯定律。TMS刺激主要基于法拉第电磁感应原理。讨论了时域、频域和连续波近红外系统，接着讨论了通道信号分离技术。再结合分析影响系统性能的生理因素、机械因素等影响因素，提出了本系统的设计方案。 其次，阐述了系统的硬件开发内容。先列出了本系统的硬件组成部分，然后根据硬件结构图，详细介绍了光纤的结构设计，硬件电路设计，包括电源电路、激光驱动电路、时序选择电路、滤波电路和放大电路等；接着介绍了采集板卡选型和光电转换模块选型。 然后，阐述了系统的软件开发内容。先根据软件流程图详细介绍了软件的各部分功能以及它们之间的联系。介绍了系统的软件界面设计。接着列出了解调程序和光强信号至血氧信号转换程序，并介绍了其原理。 最后，设计实验验证了本系统的性能。采用光学模拟器产生可控的信号，来比较本系统与商用设备的性能。进行Valsalva动作测试实验验证了本系统与商用系统在体测试上情况一致。设计了静息态数据对比实验，证明了本系统可以正常采集脑血氧信号。接下来进行了TMS-fNIRS联合实验，验证了本系统能够在TMS刺激的同时实时采集脑血氧信号，并且能够实现对TMS设备的控制，完成了设计目标。

TMS brain regulation technology combined with brain imaging technology has gradually become a hot topic in recent years, such as TMS-EEG, TMS-fMRI and TMS-PET systems. Compared to these systems, the virtues of the TMS-fNIRS system are good time resolution, uncomplicated structure and principle, and cheap cost, and it is a non-invasive mode, and will not bring any damage. Therefore, the design of a real-time fNIRS brain imaging system which can combine TMS brain control equipment will provide an effective tool for the study of dynamic brain function connection and real-time monitoring of the effect of brain regulation. First, the basic principles of developing fNIRS brain imaging system and TMS stimulation system are expounded. The fNIRS system is mainly based on the coupling of nerves and vessels, the characteristics of near infrared spectra and the modified Bill Lambert law. TMS stimulation is mainly based on the principle of Faraday electromagnetic induction. The time domain, frequency domain and continuous wave near infrared system are discussed. Then the channel signal separation technology is discussed. Combined with the analysis of the physiological and mechanical factors affecting the system performance, the design scheme of the system is put forward. Secondly, the hardware content of the system is expounded. In the first, the hardware components of the system are listed, then the structure design of the optical fiber and the design of the hardware circuit are introduced in detail according to the hardware structure. It includes the power circuit, the laser drive circuit, the timing selection circuit, the filter circuit and the amplifying circuit, and then introduces the selection of the acquisition card and the optoelectronic conversion module. Then, the software content of the system is expounded. In the first, according to the software flow chart, we introduce in detail the functions of each part of software and the relationship between them. The software interface design of the system is introduced. Next, we list the program of knowing and adjusting program and light intensity signal to blood oxygen signal, and introduce its principle. Finally, some experiments are designed to verify the performance of the system. Optical simulator is used to generate controllable signals to compare the performance of the system with commercial devices. Experiments on Valsalva action test verify that the system is consistent with the commercial system in the test. After that, a comparative experiment of resting state data with the commercial system is designed, which proves that the system can collect brain blood oxygen signals. Then, the TMS-fNIRS experiment was carried out to verify that the system can collect brain blood oxygen signal at the same time at the time of TMS stimulation, and can realize the control of TMS equipment and complete the design target.