随着互联网技术和智能手机普及，网约车这一新型出行方式在全球范围内迅速兴起。作为一种新型的交通服务模式，网约车以其高效、便捷、价廉等特点深受广大群众的欢迎，增加了就业机会、提升了城市交通效率、为经济带来了较大的促进效果。但是，相对传统出租车行业而言，网约车行业有着一些独有的管理问题。作为一种新型的交通服务模式，网约车与传统出租车行业有很大的不同。网络平台、司机与乘客三位一体的模式、随机性强的出租车行车动态以及费用明示都与传统出租车行业存在较大的差异。

北京市作为我国的代表城市，网约车市场经过近十年的充分发展，已经进入比较平稳的阶段。但因其市场特殊性、互联网技术的发展以及消费者需求的进一步改变，依然存在诸多问题，也为网约车行业的管理带来诸多难题。作为新兴事物，政府的监管显得尤为重要，北京市政府需要通过多种手段最终实现对网约车的有效管理，以确保行业健康发展、市民的出行安全。当前网约车市场发展状况不一，诸如价格、服务、安全等问题的普遍存在，在一定程度上也制约了网约车在社会中的推广和普及。因此，必须找出解决问题的有效手段和措施，来提高网约车的服务水平和获取大众信赖。

本文采用了文献研究、问卷调查研究等方法，并主要以多元治理理论为主，市场失灵理论、多中心治理理论为辅支撑研究。通过梳理北京网约车治理的背景和现状，提出存在的问题，并从政府、网约车平台、社会公众三个层面深入探讨网约车的治理优化之路。本研究共分六部分：第一部分为绪论，描述研究背景、意义、现有文献回顾和研究方法，并强调新兴行业需要新的治理思维；第二部分解析网约车定义，重点探讨多元治理在网约车领域的应用及其具体策略；第三部分回顾北京市网约车的发展轨迹和当前治理策略；第四部分分析北京网约车治理中遇到的问题及其成因；第五部分比较国内外的网约车治理实践，旨在为北京提供参考；最后一部分，提出了促进北京市网约车行业健康发展的策略建议。

With the popularization of internet technology and smartphones, ride hailing, a new form of transportation, has rapidly emerged globally. As a new type of transportation service mode, ride hailing is highly popular among the general public due to its efficient, convenient, and affordable characteristics. It has increased employment opportunities, improved urban transportation efficiency, and brought significant promoting effects to the economy. However, compared to the traditional taxi industry, the ride hailing industry has some unique management issues. As a new type of transportation service mode, ride hailing is very different from the traditional taxi industry. There are significant differences between the traditional taxi industry and the online platform, the trinity of driver and passenger mode, the strong randomness of taxi driving dynamics, and the explicit cost.

As a representative city in China, Beijing's ride hailing market has entered a relatively stable stage after nearly 10 years of full development. However, due to the unique nature of its market, the development of internet technology, and further changes in consumer demand, there are still many problems that have brought many challenges to the management of the ride hailing industry. The Beijing Municipal Government needs to effectively manage ride hailing services through various means to ensure the healthy development of the industry and the safety of citizens' travel. The current development situation of ride hailing market is uneven, and the widespread existence of issues such as price, service, and safety also restricts the promotion and popularization of ride hailing in society to a certain extent. Therefore, it is necessary to find effective means and measures to solve the problem, in order to improve the service level of ride hailing and gain the trust of the public.

This paper adopts literature research, questionnaire research, empirical research and other methods, and mainly focuses on multi-governance theory, supplemented by market failure theory, multi-center governance theory and new public management theory. By reviewing the background and current situation of ride hailing governance in Beijing, this paper proposes existing problems, and delves into the optimization of ride hailing governance from three levels: government, ride hailing platforms, and the public. This article is mainly divided into six parts: The first part is the introduction, which outlines the research background, significance, current research status at home and abroad, and research methods. It also clarifies the theoretical support required for the paper, and clarifies that the government cannot continue to use traditional system thinking to manage emerging industries. The second part elaborates on the concept of ride hailing, with a focus on analyzing the necessity of applying a diverse perspective to ride hailing governance, as well as elaborating on specific measures for diverse governance. The third part reviews the current situation of ride hailing governance in Beijing, and describes the development process of ride hailing in Beijing. The fourth part analyzes and summarizes the governance issues and causes of ride hailing in Beijing. The fifth part is the experience of domestic and foreign ride hailing governance and its reference to Beijing. The sixth part proposes countermeasures for the development of Beijing's ride hailing industry from three aspects: the government, ride hailing platforms, and the public.