自量子计算机的想法被提出之后，人们尝试过多种低错误率构建量子比特系统的方法，其中拓扑量子计算方法因为自身不需要进行量子纠错，能够大大降低量子计算机在相同计算能力下所需要的量子比特数，因此成为了量子计算机研究领域的热门问题。本文将以马约拉纳费米子以及马约拉纳零能模这一能够实现容错量子计算的模式入手，探讨量子计算机的构成，以及容错量子计算的实现方式。

Since the idea of the quantum computation was presented, various of structures of the low-error-rate quantum computation system had been tried by scientists. Topological quantum computation finally became one of the hottest issues because the method itself doesn’t need the process of the quantum correction, and it can reduce the number of the quantum qubits in the need of same computing ability. This passage would discuss about the Majorana fermion and Majorana Zero Mode, which is a form of topological computation, the structure of the universal quantum computer, and the operation of this kind of computer.