本论文为了研究小学阶段儿童的性别符号生成及性别操演的情况去到广西北部三江县J小学进行田野调查，通过问卷调查、访谈和实地观察得到了“女孩子”“男孩子”性别符号生成情况，通过仔细观察分析两性的交往互动情况得到了小学阶段性别化成长过程中出现两性差异的主要环节。研究主要发现是：（1）小学阶段儿童对贝姆量表中所有词汇——无论是偏向女性气质、男性气质或者中性——的习得都是积极的，各年级、性别间有一些差别，得到一些有趣发现；但总体来说女生、男生的性别气质发展并无太大差异。可以说该阶段儿童都在积极朝向社会性别双性化的发展（贝姆量表有很高的信效度，且测出结果具有内隐、稳定的特点）。（2）性别符号是在儿童不断学习识字和语言操演中生成的，儿童在三年级开始逐步操演出既有基本共同品质又有性别差异的“女孩子”“男孩子”；随着年级增加，荷尔蒙的爱情向往逐渐加速性别操演朝向两极发展；最后得到 “女孩子”等于“漂亮+温柔”，“男孩子”等于“打人+帅”的两性性别符号。（3）研究表明，女生、男生之间的交往互动与其身体的性别归类、结盟有极大关系。本研究发现，儿童性别交往中有“认辨你（们）我（们）”和“操演性别”两种重要形式，其中包含的五个重要环节值得关注。即：“认定vs.辨认”“‘不正经’游戏结盟vs.‘我不是男的’”“结盟并逗惹女生vs.散沙般的共同体”“阳刚身体vs.柔弱身体”“言语交战时不善于操弄男性言语vs.善于操弄女性言语”，最终男生完胜女生，并造成男强女弱的两性格局。研究最后建议要“重新寻找女性结盟基础、构筑新的共同体”，生活上“逆转性别习惯尝试改变，打破传统束缚”，并强调“女孩子强健体魄”的重要性，建议“去除攻击性语言中的性别偏向”，让女性“增加自信、克服恐惧与胆怯、多参加公领域活动”，从而踏上追求性别平等之路。

The research is based on the fieldwork in J primary school in SanJiang County which is in the north of GuangXi Province. By using questionnaires, interviews and field observations, I found the "girl" "boy" gendered-sign generation; by observing the interactions between students I found the main links which gender difference appeared. Data used in this article are all from the fieldwork, including Bem Sex Role Inventory, "girl" "boy" free answer questionnaire, and students’ extracurricular activities in J Campus.This thesis consists of three parts. The first part introduces the original purpose of the study, the conceptual tools, and reviews the related work in this field. The second part describes the research design idea, and does clearly preliminary statistical analysis on the material that collected from the fieldwork, and I got some interesting findings. Using the review materials from the part one and the evidences from the second chapter, I find a Gendered-Sign Generation Map, and then find that it is a performative interaction including two main rounds five steps that causes the gradually widening sex/gender differences gap. The third part discusses the value of the author on the pursuit of gender equality, and gives some targeted suggestions. Finally I also reflect the limitations of this study, and do a prospect for future research.The main findings are：(1) Children positively learn all the words on BSRI during primary school, no matter these words are feminine, masculine or neutral. Although there are some differences between the grades and sex, overall it has not much difference. We can say, children are developing actively towards androgynous gender grow.(2) Gendered-signs are generating during children’s literacy and language learning. After continuous learning and growing, children co-construct a basic "girl" "boy" image which has common quality but also gets gendered differences. Specially, love hormone is gradually accelerating the development of gender performativity towards two extreme poles. At last we find gendered-sign of "girl" is equal to "beautiful+ softly tender" and that of "boys" equal to "beat + handsome".(3) The interaction between girls and boys is closely related to their body’s belonging, identity, alliances. I found, in children's interaction, there are two rounds and five key steps in which girls lose their standpoint. The first round is identified and recognized you and I (we); the second round is performativity including body performance and language fighting. In the two rounds, there are five steps, they are: “Firmly believe VS. Identify/recognize”, “Wicked Game VS. ‘I am not a boy/male’”, “Alliance and teasing girls VS. Loose sand-like community”, “Strong body vs. Weak body”, “Not good at using male words in language fighting vs. Good at using female words in language fighting”. In the end, boys win girls, the result causes "strong men and weak women" gender pattern.Based on the above findings, I suggest that we should "re-find an alliance base for women establishing a new community", should "reverse the sex-gender life experience to break the traditional constraints", should emphasize again and again that the importance of girl's body power, should remove offensive language's gender bias, should encourage women to take part in public activities to overcome the fear and timidity, increase their self-confidence. All the advices will push women to the pursuit of gender equality.KEY WORDS：Sex, Gender, Sex Role, Performative/Performativity, Gendered-Sign