光源大科学装置在凝聚态物理、材料、化学、生命科学等各个研究领域上发挥 着重要的作用，是众多科学研究离不开的“法宝”。光源大科学装置不仅是支持科 学前沿探索、科研产出和突破的重要基础设施，还是为技术创新和产业发展提供 动力的高科技手段，同时也在国际学术界竞争与合作交流中扮演着重要角色。 改革开放以来，我国大科学装置尤其是光源大科研装置已经取得了长足的发 展，在国家的科技战略规划以及高度重视下，围绕同步辐射技术和自由电子激光 技术等技术，先后建立了一系列重要的专用研究设施和公共实验设施，如北京同 步辐射装置 BSRF、合肥国家同步辐射实验室 NSRL、上海同步辐射装置 SSRF、 上海软 X 射线自由电子激光试验装置 SXFEL 等，以及在建或规划建设的合肥先 进光源 HALS、硬 X 射线自由电子激光装置 SHINE 等。 本文旨在分析近几十年来我国光源大科学装置的技术进步以及我国光源的发 展历史和现状，同时与国外光学大科学装置进行对比评估，并对其发展前景进行 展望。 

Large light source scientific facilities play an important role in condensed matter physics, materials, chemistry, life sciences and other research fields, and are an indispensable magic weapon for many scientific researches. Large Light Source Scientific Facilities are not only an important basic facility to support scientific frontier exploration and scientific research output and breakthrough, but also a high-tech means to provide power for technological innovation and industrial development, and also play an important role in international academic competition, cooperation and exchange. Since the reform and opening up, China’s scientific apparatus, especially the large scientific research facilities of light sources, has made great progress. Under the national strategic planning of science and technology and great attention, a series of important special research facilities and public experimental facilities have been established around synchrotron radiation technology and free electron laser technology, such as BSRF, NSRL, SSRF, SXFEL, etc. Besides HALS and SHINE are under construction or planned. The purpose of this paper is to analyze the technological progress of Large light source scientific facilities in China in recent decades, as well as the development history and current situation of light source in China. At the same time, it is compared with foreign optical large scientific facilities to evaluate the development prospect.