就其发展的逻辑脉络而言，历史认识论与历史唯物主义发展的演进路向是一致的。这不仅是因为历史认识论本身就是历史唯物主义有机的组成部分，而且由于历史认识论的学科性质以及马克思在唯物史观研究中运思的原因，必然决定了马克思历史认识论与历史本体论相伴而生，相伴而长。成熟的作品必然有成熟的方法论作为理论阐发的基础与依据。因此，沿着历史唯物主义形成、发展与成熟的大致脉络，可以发现马克思历史认识论的形成过程，从而发掘马克思历史认识论的基本观点和运思模式。从结构框架来看，本文由“绪论”、四章内容和“结语”组成，力图从马克思的历史认识论与唯物主义历史观、历史认识活动的主体与客体、历史认识活动的一般形式与过程、历史认识活动的基本方法等不同视野完整再现马克思的历史认识论思想。第一章：马克思的历史认识论与唯物主义历史观。本部分试图分析传统历史哲学的逻辑建构及其内在难题，在此基础上尝试深入阐述西方历史哲学由历史本体论到历史认识论的现代转向问题；认为尽管马克思没有留下专门论述历史认识论的系统性著作，但是从马克思对历史认识论的历史进程和思维逻辑的探索过程不难发现，历史认识论是唯物主义历史观在当代的理论生长点。无论是在马克思的早期代表作《1844年经济学哲学手稿》，还是马克思与恩格斯合著的唯物史观的成熟作品《德意志意识形态》以及马克思最主要的著作《资本论》里面，论及历史唯物主义的理论框架和基本思想，马克思不仅论证了人类社会在本质上是实践的历史本体论观点，从而确证了人类社会发展的逻辑必然性，而且或通过批判唯心主义和旧唯物主义的历史本体论思想以及方法论错误、或通过正面阐发来凸显自己的历史认识论思想，这三部经典论著在历史唯物主义的产生和发展过程中都起到了自己的独特作用，可以说是历史唯物主义发展史上的三块界碑，深刻地反映了马克思历史认识论的内涵与特征。第二章：历史认识活动的主体与客体。在一切的历史研究活动之中都存在这样一对基本矛盾，即认识者与被认识者之间的矛盾，也就是历史研究的主客体矛盾。历史认识论的研究对象，笼统来说是史学和史学研究，但更具体而言，是史学研究中的主客体矛盾及其运动。历史研究中主客体矛盾的产生、发展和解决，它的运动规律和特点，从根本上规定了历史认识论的研究范围和内容。马克思关于历史认识论的理论架构，正是以对于历史认识的主客体范畴的界定，以及主客体的关系等内容为基础的。在马克思看来，历史主体与历史客体之间的辩证运动，构成了人类历史实践生动的画面，在历史主体的客体化和历史客体的主体化的辩证统一过程中，人们才真正找到社会的发展和人的发展、自然历史过程与人的实践活动相统一的内部机制，从而揭示历史发展之谜。第三章：历史认识活动的一般形式与过程。历史认识不同于一般认识活动，主要原因在于，历史认识的客体不能直接呈现在主体面前，主体只能通过对史料这一形式客体的认识去尽可能地接近原本客体即历史本体。这种认识的特性决定了历史认识只能是相对的，无法求得绝对的客观真实，同时也决定了历史认识活动的基本形式，即考证事实、抽象规律和做出评价。在马克思看来，历史认识深受认识主体的认知结构的影响，而且主体的认知结构也是不断发展和变化的，因此历史认识也是一个不断深化和发展的过程。历史认识活动中主客体的特殊关系，决定了对历史认识的评价和检验包含两种形式：一是社会实践的直接检验，另外一种也是更为重要的，是史学实践的检验。第四章：历史认识活动的基本方法。马克思的历史认识论同传统历史哲学或解释学理论的不同之处在于，一是它具有深刻的历史感，二是它具有方法论上的指导意义。也就是说，马克思关于历史哲学的思想是由历史本体论和历史认识论两个部分组成的，历史本体论构成了历史认识论的基础和前提，而历史认识论则是历史本体论的发展和总结。二者在实践的基础上，在人类社会历史这个特定的环境中得到了统一。马克思的历史认识论就是这个“极其完整严密的科学理论”的一个有机的、不可或缺的组成部分。具体说来，马克思的历史认识方法包括：科学抽象法、整体研究法、从后思索法、比较研究法和实践反思法，唯物主义历史观的创立实现了社会科学发展过程中的历史性转换，同时历史认识的科学方法又充实和完善了唯物主义历史观。马克思在历史哲学上的革命变革，其关键不只是在具体的理论观点上与以往历史哲学不同，更重要的是它彻底打破了一切传统历史哲学由以出发的前提。它所关注的不是揭示世界的物质或精神本原，不是去建立描绘整个社会的严密完整的理论体系，而是通过研究历史为人的实践和现实生活提供指南。因此，我们可以断定，马克思的历史认识论对历史哲学的影响不是随着时间的推移而逐渐衰弱，而必定是呈递增之势的。

In the logic of the development of Marx’s historical materialism, the historical epistemology is in accordance with the material historical view in theoretical formation and developing directions for not only it is a systematic part of Marxism but its nature and role it plays in the research of historical materialism determines the twin birth and growth of the two. Mature works will not come up without mature methodology as its foundation and basis. Hence, along with the formation, development and maturation of Marx’s historical materialism we will discover the process of the formation of historical epistemology, through which the main idea and the reasoning patterns will be presented. The structure framework of this paper consists of the Introduction, four chapters and a conclusion. The main contents, which included the relationship of Marx's historical epistemology and Historical Materialism, the subject and object of historical epistemology activities, the general form and historical epistemology process activities, and the basic methods of historical epistemology, completely reappeared the Marx’s Historical Epistemology.The first chapter: Marx's historical epistemology and Historical Materialism. This chapter overlooked the logical construction and problems of traditional Historical Philosophy, and revealed the modern steering of Historical Philosophy from Historical Ontology to Historical Epistemology. It’s obviously that the Historical Epistemology is the theory growing point of Historical Materialism, even though that there isn’t any monograph historical epistemology systemic writings by Marx. In his early representative work The Economic and Philosophic Manusc•Ripts of 1844, his mature work on Historical materialism The German Ideology with Engels, and his major work Capital, as for the basic ideas and theoretical frame, Marx argues his historical ontology that the history of human society is by nature practical, and corroborate the logical inevitability in human society development, either by criticizing the historical ontology of mentalists and the old materialism and their methodology mistakes or by elaborating and giving prominence to his own ideas. These three works play the unique roles respectively in the formation and development of historical materialism, which can be regarded three landmarks. Simultaneously, the three works are undoubtedly masterpieces on historical epistemology, which reflect process of its enrichment and scientification as historical materialism develops and matures.The second chapter: the subject and object of the historical epistemology. There are also many contradictions between the knower and whom to-be-know. The objects of historical research are the history and Historiography. Specifically, it’s the contradiction changing of the subject and the object in historical research. The historical research, which including the produce, development and solution of the contradiction between the subject and object, decided the scope and contents of historical epistemology. The framework of Marx’s historical epistemology is founded on the scope and contents of historical epistemology. In Marx’s opinion, contradiction changing of the subject and the object in historical research, which constituted the picture of human practice, exposed the historical development mystery.The third chapter: the general form and process of historical epistemology. The historical epistemology is different from the general awareness activities because of that the object of the historical epistemology cannot be directly in front of the subject. The subject only could get the original object through the understanding of the form of historical object as closely as possible. Characteristics of this understanding determines the historical epistemology is only relative, which unable to obtain objective truth absolutely. It also determines the basic forms of historical epistemology are abstract, textual research and evaluation. In Marx’s opinion, historical epistemology is deeply influenced by the cognitive structure of a subject, which is also continuously developing and changing. The special relationship between the subject and the object determines the two forms of evaluation and inspection on historical epistemology. The one is a direct test of social practice, another is the inspection of history practice, which is more important.The fourth chapter: the basic methods of historical epistemology. The differences between Marxist historical epistemology and traditional general historical philosophy lie in its profound sense of history and the significance of guidance in terms of methodology. In other words, Marx’s ideas on historical philosophy are composed of historical ontology and historical epistemology in a systematic way, with the former constituting the foundation and premise for the latter as the latter performs as the development and summary of the former, both of which get united on the basis of practice in the particular context of a capitalist society. Marxist historical epistemology is a systematic and indispensable part of this “extremely complete and rigorous scientific theory” as well as an important growth point in contemporary historical materialism studies. Specifically, the methods of Marx's historical epistemology including: the method of scientific abstract、the method of overall research、the method of reverse thinking、the method of comparative study and the method of practice reflection. The foundation of Historical Materialism created the historical transformation of social science development paradigm, and the scientific method of historical epistemology enriched the Historical Materialism.The revolutionary significances of Marxist historical philosophy come not only from the different specific theoretic ideas but also from its breaking of the traditional premises. What it concerns is not to discover the matter or mental Origin or to construct a rigorous and complete system to describe the whole social human beings, but to provide the guidance for human practice through historical studies. Hence, we can assert that as time goes on, the impact that Marxist historical epistemology exerts upon historical philosophy will be on the rise not verse visa.