新手咨询师，指刚开始接受专业心理咨询培训的受训人员。新手咨询师对压力的体验及应对方式，在很大程度上影响他们未来的生涯发展。国外对新手咨询师的工作压力研究较少，国内针对新手咨询师工作压力的研究也几乎没有。因此，有必要对新手咨询师的压力源与应对方式进行研究。

本研究采用质性研究方法，对21位新手咨询师进行深度访谈，用程序化扎根理论的三级编码方式对数据进行分析，其中开放性编码共得到167个概念。主轴性编码共提炼出48个子类别，13个类别。选择性编码形成类别之间的关系，并建立理论。本研究结果如下：

新手咨询师的压力主要有三种来源，分别是生涯发展、咨询工作和人际关系。其中“咨询工作”是新手咨询师最重要的压力源。新手咨询师应对压力的方式主要有五种，分别是生涯探索(应对生涯发展压力)、提升胜任力(应对咨询工作压力)、人际沟通(应对人际关系压力)、自我调节、寻求情感支持。其中前三种方法尝试改变压力源，后两种方法尝试缓解压力反应。新手咨询师常常同时使用多种应对方式，“提升胜任力”是最经常使用，也是最有帮助的应对方式。采用以上应对方式后，新手咨询师体验到压力缓解，获得胜任力提升和个人成长，能够更从容地应对下一次压力。这就是新手咨询师“感知压力——应对压力——获得成长”的循环过程。

Novice counselors refers to the trainees who have just received professional psychological consultation training. Novice counselors’ experience of stress and copying styles have a great impact on their future career development. There are some researches on the work stress of novice counselors in foreign countries, but few researches on the work stress of novice counselors in China. Therefore, it is necessary to study the stressors and copying styles of novice counselors.

In this paper, the qualitative research method is used to conduct in-depth interviews with 21 novice counselors, transcribe them into verbatim versions, and then use grounded theory to carry out three-level coding. In the process of open coding, the researchers found 167 concepts. In the process of axial coding, the researchers extracted 48 sub-categories and 13 categories. In the process of selective coding, researchers choose "Improve competence" as the core category and establish the theory. The results of this study are as follows:

There are three main sources of novice counselors' stress: career development, counseling work and interpersonal relationship. Among them, "counseling work" is the most important stressor. There are five ways of coping with stress: Career Exploration (coping with career development stress), competence improvement (coping with counseling stress), frank communication (coping with interpersonal stress), self-adjusting and social support. The first two methods focus on solving problems with actions, and the second two methods focus on adjusting their feelings. Novice counselors often uses a variety of copying styles at the same time, and "Improve competence" is the most frequently used and most helpful copying styles.After adopting the above copying style, novice counselors has experienced the stress relief, gained the promotion of competence and personal growth, and can deal with the next stress more calmly. This is the cycle process of "perceiving stress - coping with stress - gaining growth".