作为近现代中国重要的思想家和新儒学的代表人物之一，梁漱溟构建了一个内涵丰富、颇具特色的道德哲学体系，而在这一道德哲学思想中，理性概念居于核心地位。他的理性思想独具一格，有别于西方哲学话语中的理性，被解释为无私的感情。梁漱溟的理性概念具有一定的心理学特色。在他看来，文化形成的根源在于其缔造者——人类，要探究文化的发展源头与趋向，有必要先对其创造者进行彻头彻尾的心理分析。至于梁漱溟心理学的渊源，一方面从他对西方近现代心理学思想重要成分的吸收来探讨，一方面从对于儒家人性论思想的继承和发扬来探讨。心理学不外是对于人心的看法，人心在他那里被肢解为本能-理智-理性三部分，其中理性是人为之人的所在，这也是梁漱溟对于人类心理最终认识。他坚信，人们终将走向理性的复兴。 在梁漱溟那里，理性概念是基于其人生经历和社会环境的变化而不断更新的思想发展的产物。他对人类心理的认识从重视意识到重视本能到重视情感。而随着其对人类心理学观点认识的变化，他对于儒家文化精神的解释也随之发生变化，即经历由直觉到理性的变化。我们知道，与梁漱溟话语中理性最密切相关的便是“直觉”，想要明确理性概念，便有必要谈到直觉思想。可以说直觉是理性的前身和过渡，理性又是对直觉的继承和创造。理性对于直觉的修正，使得他的思想体系更完整，并增加其思想体系的科学成分。 诚然，理性概念并非梁漱溟首创。但理性概念在他那里具有鲜明的儒学特色。通过与与西方哲学史中的理性概念略做对比，并对中国社会组织形式加以分析，这一特色将会得到更好的理解。理性概念是梁漱溟在儒家文化背景中提出的，用以表征儒家文化精神的东西。作为儒家文化的守护者和传承者，他最终目的，是要在全中国以至全世界宣扬儒家，即从血脉、文脉两方面来重塑儒家。 据此，文章分为三部分来介绍： 第一章主要论述梁漱溟道德哲学中理性概念的产生。本文尝试从探讨理性产生的道德心理学渊源，首先对梁漱溟的心理学思想做一简单概括，接着论述梁漱溟心理学对西方近现代心理学思想重要成分的吸收，及其对于儒家人性论的继承性。并对人心三分法做一分析论述，进而明确梁漱溟话语中的理性产生的道德心理学根源； 第二章主要分析梁漱溟道德哲学思想中“直觉”和“理性”两个重要概念的转换，通过对两个概念的提出及其内涵差异来明确其转换的意义； 第三章主要是从伦理学角度分析梁漱溟理性概念的儒家特色，一是参照西方哲学意义上的理性概念来分析，一是将其放在儒家思想发展史中，结合中国伦理本位、家族中心等的社会特征来探索其对儒家思想的继承性，明确理性概念在实现儒学的现代转化中的重要性，并着力从“文脉”和“血脉”两方面来重构儒家。

As one of the important thinkers and representative figures of new Confucianism in modern China, Liang Shuming has a rich and deep moral philosophical system in which the concept of rationality is at the core. His understanding of rational thought is unique, different from the rationality in western philosophical discourse; it has been interpreted as selfless affection. Liang Shuming's rationality has a psychological nuance. In his view, the root of culture is its founder, humanity; in order to explore the origins and development trends of culture, it is necessary to make a thorough psychological analysis of its creator. As to the origins of Liang Shuming's psychological thought, on the one hand, his absorption of western modern psychology is one important component to discuss; on the other hand, his inheritance and carrying forward of the Confucian theory of human nature is another aspect to explore. Psychology is the perception of the heart-mind; the heart-mind in his thought is dismembered into instinct, reason - three parts, with rationality understood as that which the human being human. This is Liang Shuming’s final understanding of the human mind. He believed that people will recover and reignite rationality.In Liang Shuming’s moral philosophy, the concept of rationality is based on life experiences and changes in social environment, as well as the product of a never ending process of thought development. His understanding of human psychology consisted of shifting importance first from consciousness to instinct, then from instinct to emotion. As his understanding of human psychology changed point of view, his explanation of the Confucian cultural spirit also changed accordingly, namely from intuition to rationality. As we know, the concept most closely related to Liang Shuming's rationality discourse is "intuition"; if we want to understand the concept of rationality, it is necessary to talk about the concept of intuition. One could say that intuition is the precursor to rationality, rationality is also the inheritance and creation of intuition. The role of reason as the tuning of intuition made his thought system more complete, and increase its scientific component.Admittedly, the concept of rationality was not created by Liang Shuming. But his conception of rationality has distinctive Confucianism features. Its comparison with the concept of rationality in western philosophy, and an analysis of China's social organization form, will bring a better understanding of this special characteristic. Liang Shuming’s concept of rationality was proposed from within a Confucian cultural background, and was used to characterize the Confucian cultural spirit. As the guardian of the Confucian culture and tradition, his ultimate goal was the promotion of Confucianism in the whole of China and the world, i.e. he wanted to reshape Confucianism from two aspects of the veins and literary context.On this basis, the article is divided into three parts which are to be introduced briefly:The first chapter mainly discusses the concept of rationality of Liang Shuming's moral philosophy. This article tries to explore the rational origin of his moral psychology; do a simple summary of the psychological thought of Liang Shuming; discuss the impact of western modern psychology on Liang Shuming’s own psychology; and, Liang Shuming psychology as inheritance of the Confucian theory of human nature. An analysis on the threefold distinction of the heart-mind should help to elucidate more clearly the moral psychology underlying the concept of rationality in Liang Shuming’s discourse.The second chapter mainly analyzes the conversion from "intuition" to "rationality" in Liang Shuming's moral philosophy; the two concepts’s differences are espoused in order to make more clear the significance of the transformation.The third chapter focuses mainly on the ethical side to analyze the Confucian characteristics underlying Liang Shuming’s concept of rationality. There is a reference to the western philosophical conception of rationality which is put in the context of the history of Confucian thought, and combined with characteristics of Chinese society such as ethics and family center to explore the inheritance of the Confucian school. The aim is to show the importance of the concept of rationality in realizing the modern transformation of Confucianism, emphasize the two aspects of "context" and "blood" as the basis of the reconstruction of Confucianism.