初高中历史教学衔接问题历来为教育界所重视。新中国成立至今，中学历史教育经历了多个发展阶段。一旦初高中教学内容、课程标准发生变化，新的衔接问题就又源源不断地产生。在新教材、新课程标准、新高考环境下，难以把控好教学内容的广度和深度，培养学生的历史学科核心素养，是初高中历史教学衔接所要解决的首要问题。比较初高中关于资本主义制度的教材内容和课程标准，可以发现初高中教材的正文内容和辅助内容均有诸多不同，初高中课程标准的内容要求和核心素养要求亦有显著差异。明确了课程标准之差异，再结合教材内容之区别，据此设计教学目标，选择教学内容，分析初高中教学设计。初高中历史教师要深化对教材和课程标准的理解，加强对另一学段历史课程的了解。课程资源的使用要符合学生的历史心理。

The issue of connecting history teaching between junior and senior high schools has always been valued by the education sector. Since the founding of the People's Republic of China, middle school history education has experienced multiple stages of development. Once the content and standards of junior and senior high school teaching change, new connection problems arise continuously. Under the new textbooks, new curriculum standards, and the new environment of the National College Entrance Examination, it is difficult to control the breadth and depth of teaching content and to cultivate students' core literacy in history, which is the primary problem to be solved in the connection of history teaching between junior and senior high schools. Comparing the textbooks and curriculum standards of junior and senior high schools on the capitalist system, it can be found that there are many differences in both the main text and supplementary content of junior and senior high school textbooks, and there are also significant differences in the content requirements and core literacy requirements of junior and senior high school curriculum standards. By clarifying the differences in curriculum standards and combining them with the differences in textbook content, teaching objectives can be designed, teaching content can be selected, and the teaching design of junior and senior high school history can be analyzed. Junior and senior high school history teachers should deepen their understanding of textbooks and curriculum standards and strengthen their understanding of the history curriculum of the other phase. The use of curriculum resources should conform to students' historical psychology.