传统蒙学读物是中国儿童文学史上的宝贵遗产。儿童文学视野下的传统蒙学读物研究，参照了中国现当代儿童文学理论成果，旨在发掘中国传统蒙学读物中被忽视的价值，为正确深入了解中国古代儿童文学、充分认识现代儿童文学，以及思考传统蒙学读物在当代的传播提供参考。 根据历时性和共时性，选取中国蒙学读物史上的经典文本作为研究对象，围绕着传统蒙学读物的文体与特征、儿童观与儿童形象展开讨论。传统蒙学读物文体多样，内容以社会风貌和自然环境为主，贴近儿童生活。语言简明生动，具有音乐性和趣味性，形成了逐渐向现代儿童文学靠近的艺术审美。在传统文化的影响下，传统蒙学读物中存在着继承传统伦理文化、压抑儿童天性的儿童观与继承慈幼文化、关爱儿童的儿童观。这两种儿童观影响了传统蒙学读物中儿童形象的塑造，所以，蒙学读物中的儿童形象大多数是符合儒家伦理规范的、少年老成的“小大人”，只有极个别充满童真儿童。 传统蒙学读物所蕴藏的文学价值和儿童观，使其成为中国古代儿童文学资源的重要组成部分，促进了中国近现代儿童文学的觉醒、发生，对思考传统蒙学读物的当代传播也具有重要的实际意义。

The traditional initiatory reading materials are the precious heritages in the history of Chinese children's literature. This research on the traditional initiatory reading material under the perspective of Children’s literature refers to the theoretical findings of the modern and contemporary Chinese children's literature, aims to explore the neglected value in China’s traditional initiatory reading materials, and provides a reference for understanding China’s ancient children's literature correctly and deeply, familiarizing with the modern children's literature, and pondering the spread of the traditional initiatory reading materials in the contemporary era. According to the diachronique and synchronicity, this thesis selects the classical texts in the history of Chinese initiatory reading materials as the research object, and discusses the style and characteristics, the views on children, and children’s images of the traditional initiatory reading materials. The writing styles of the traditional initiatory reading materials are diverse, and its contents focus on the social style and natural environment, which is close to children's lives. Its language is concise and vivid with musicality and amusement, and forms the art esthetic which is closer to the modern children's literature. Under the influence of the traditional culture, there are two kinds of views on children in the traditional initiatory reading materials as follows: one is to inherit the traditional ethical culture and suppress children's nature; another is to inherit the kind-hearted culture and care for children. These two views on children affect the shaping of children's images in the traditional initiatory reading material. Hence, in the traditional initiatory reading materials, most of the children’s images are precocious “little big man”, which conforms to the Confucian ethical norms. Only very few children are filled with children's innocence. The literary values and the views on children contained in the traditional initiatory reading materials enable it to become an important component of the ancient Chinese children's literature resources and promote the awakening and occurrence of the modern and contemporary Chinese children's literature. It is also of great practical significance to ponder the contemporary spread of the traditional initiatory reading materials.