科研实践能力是指在全面熟练地掌握知识的基础上，综合运用知识解决科研问题的能力。随着技术发展和创新型人才需求提升，国家愈发重视中小学生科学研究教育及人工智能课程建设，人工智能教育也以其前沿性和实践性成为科研实践能力培养的良好依托。
高中学生在知识基础和认知能力方面相对大学生较弱，需要结合情境和实践活动以理解抽象复杂的人工智能理论；而科研实践能力的定义同样决定了其对现实问题解决实践的培养需求。针对这些问题，项目式学习因其对真实情境下的问题解决、信息化资源需求等方面的重视这一特点，契合科研实践能力导向的人工智能课程设计需求。
因此，本研究依托高中人工智能教育，采用项目式学习教学模式，设计面向科研实践能力提升的学习活动。本研究以自然语言处理为核心内容，通过融入科研流程，设计以项目设计制作流程为问题解决主线，以系统产品实现路径为知识支持副线的双学习路径，串联知识学习行为与探索实践活动，形成共6课时的“设计制作心理咨询分类导引系统”项目式学习活动以及具体的实施方案。
通过专家教师访谈对学习活动进行评价、迭代与改进，发现该案例基本契合专家教师对人工智能课程和项目式学习设计的要求，自主实践活动设计基本符合提升科研实践能力的目标需求，一定程度上证实了该设计思路的可行性，但在教学设计中仍需要注意学习支架的设计和呈现。本研究对一线教师如何设计开展基于项目的人工智能学习活动提供了案例参考，对面向科研实践能力提升的人工智能教学活动设计和实施有一定的借鉴意义。

Scientific research practical ability refers to the ability to comprehensively apply knowledge to solve scientific research problems based on comprehensive and proficient mastery of knowledge. With the advancement of artificial intelligence (AI) technology and the growing demand for innovative talents, China is increasingly paying attention to scientific research education and AI curricula for primary and secondary school students. AI education has become a good support for the cultivation of scientific research practice ability with its forward and practicality.
High school students have weaker knowledge bases and cognitive abilities than college students. They need to combine contextual and practical activities to understand abstract and complex AI theories. The definition of practical research skills also determines the need to cultivate realistic problem-solving practice. Project-based learning fits the need for a research-practice oriented AI curriculum design because of its emphasis on problem-solving in real situations and the need for information resources.
Therefore, the study adopts a project-based learning teaching model based on high school AI education to design learning activities geared toward the enhancement of research practice. Natural language processing is the main content of this study. It designs a dual learning path with the project design and production process as the main problem-solving line and the system product implementation path as the knowledge support line. It links knowledge learning behavior and exploration practice activities to form a 6-lesson "Design and Development of a Psychological Counseling Categorization System" project-based learning activities and specific implementation plans.
The case was evaluated, iterated, and improved through expert teachers' interviews. It was found that the case basically met the expert teachers' requirements for AI curriculum and project-based learning design. The design of the independent practice activities basically met the goal of improving research practice ability, confirming the feasibility of the design idea to a certain extent. However, the design and presentation of learning scaffolds still require attention in the teaching design. The study provides a case reference for front-line teachers on how to design and carry out project-based AI learning activities, with some implications for the design and implementation of AI teaching activities oriented toward the improvement of scientific research practice ability.