数据经济为国家发展带来前所未有之机遇，随之而来的数据安全问题也面临严峻复杂的挑战。对此，我国加快完善数据保护领域立法，目前在个人数据保护领域已有重大进展，但在国家数据安全保障领域还有很长的路要走。数据安全关系到国家安全。数据安全保障能力是国家竞争力的体现，关系到国家的生存与发展。总体国家安全观把握国家安全新形势，统筹四对关系，为国家安全顶层设计提供指导性原则，对于我国妥善应对数据安全挑战具有重要理论意义和现实意义。在总体国家安全观的引领下，国家高度重视数据安全领域立法。因此，《数据安全法》的立法工作走上了快车道，该法将调整数据安全的相关法律关系。已公布的《数据安全法（草案）》显示出数据安全保障的框架，概括性较强，对于一些重要问题仅寥寥数笔勾勒出框架。这就需要后续立法逐渐完善，充分考虑法律实践过程中可能遇到的问题，如基于国家安全的数据管制应将何种数据纳入其中，对不同安全等级的数据采取何种切实可行的保护方式等问题。

本文从国家安全的视角分析数据管制的相关问题，以期进一步推动我国基于国家安全的数据管制走向规范。首先，从基于国家安全的数据管制界定需求及特殊性进行分析。讨论了数据安全之于国家安全的重要性，数据安全保障能力之于国际竞争力的重要性。分析了基于国家安全的数据管制须考虑数据规模安全、数据隐性安全、数据跨境安全。其次，相对系统地梳理我国数据管制的立法现状，分析当下我国国家数据安全保障的法律环境及法律困境。再次，比较分析欧盟、美国较为成熟的数据管制规则。对此，取其精华，去其糟粕，借鉴欧美符合我国国情的相关规则，促进我国基于国家安全的数据管制立法工作的完善。最后，提出基于国家安全的数据管制建议，具体而言，可分为四个层面。第一，采用列举为主综合考量为辅的界定方法，第二，国家统筹规划数据管制相关标准，维护数据标识的权威性、统一性和稳定性等。国家层面制定数据分级分类的统一标准。标准化制度和规范化程序是将数据安全保障工作落到实处的关键工具和有效手段。第三，明确数据管制主体责任，明确责任隶属，严格责任追究。第四，动态把握特定条件。关注国家数据安全保障的重点领域，对数据出口设立更为严格的规范。针对特殊条件设立灵活性管制措施。

The data economy has brought unprecedented opportunities for national development, and the ensuing data security issues are also facing severe and complex challenges. In this regard, my country has accelerated the improvement of legislation in the field of data protection. At present, there have been significant progress in the field of personal data protection, but there is still a long way to go in the field of national data security protection. Data security is related to national security. The ability to guarantee data security is a manifestation of a country’s competitiveness and is related to the country’s survival and development. The overall national security concept grasps the new situation of national security, coordinates the four pairs of relationships, and provides guiding principles for the top-level design of national security. It has important theoretical and practical significance for my country to properly respond to data security challenges. Under the guidance of the overall national security concept, the country attaches great importance to legislation in the field of data security. Therefore, the legislative work of the "Data Security Law" has embarked on the fast lane, and the law will adjust the legal relationship related to data security. The published "Data Security Law (Draft)" shows the framework of data security protection, which is relatively general, and only a few outlines of the framework for some important issues. This requires the gradual improvement of subsequent legislation and full consideration of problems that may be encountered in legal practice, such as what kind of data should be included in data control based on national security, and what practical ways to protect data with different security levels, etc. problem.

This article analyzes the related issues of data control from the perspective of national security, with a view to further promoting my country's national security-based data control to be standardized. First, analyze the requirements and particularities of data control based on national security. Discussed the importance of data security to national security, and the importance of data security capability to international competitiveness. It analyzes that data control based on national security must consider data scale security, data hidden security, and data cross-border security. Secondly, combing the status quo of my country's data control legislation relatively systematically, and analyzing the current legal environment and legal dilemmas of my country's national data security protection. Third, compare and analyze the more mature data control rules of the European Union and the United States. In this regard, take the essence and discard the dross, learn from the relevant rules of Europe and America in line with my country's national conditions, and promote the improvement of my country's national security-based data control legislation. Finally, the proposed data control recommendations based on national security, specifically, can be divided into three levels. First, the state makes overall plans for data control standards and maintains the authority, uniformity and stability of data identification. Develop unified standards for data classification and classification at the national level. Standardized systems and standardized procedures are key tools and effective means to implement data security assurance work. Second, clarify the responsibility of the data control subject, clarify the responsibility of the responsibility, and strictly investigate the responsibility. Third, dynamically grasp specific conditions. Pay attention to the key areas of national data security and establish stricter regulations on data export. Set up flexibility control measures for special conditions.