针对中国沿海潮间带生物的研究开始的较晚，且多集中在一些经济种，采用 的分子标记也较为单一，缺乏比较谱系地理学的研究，为此本研究选取滨螺科四 种滨螺，分别利用线粒体和基因进行比较谱系地理学研究。滨螺科为中国沿海潮 间带岸礁上最为常见的软体动物，非经济种，人类活动对其造成的影响相对较小。 本文以短滨螺（Littorina brevicula）、中华拟滨螺（Littoraria sinensis）、塔结节滨 螺（Echinolittorina trochoides）和小结节滨螺（Echinolittorina radiata）为研究对 象，利用线粒体基因（16S rDNA 和 COI）和核基因（18S rDNA, 28S rDNA-a 和 28S rDNA-b）分子标记，对其谱系生物地理学进行比较分析，阐明它们在中国沿 海的遗传多样性分布格局和种群结构，推测各物种的地理格局的演化形成过程。 研究结果显示，四种滨螺在中国沿海的分布模式分为两种：一种是集中分布 于长江同侧，如小结节滨螺和塔结节滨螺集中分布在长江以南，短滨螺集中分布 在长江以北，浙江一带也有零星分布。该种分布模式下，三种滨螺的遗传多样性 均较低，且无明显的种群结构，表现为较高的遗传同质性；另一种以中华拟滨螺 为代表的分布模式，为广泛分布在中国沿海，不同海域之间存在明显的遗传分化， 但是分子方差分析结果显示，差异的主要来源依然为种群内部，表明各海域的中 华拟滨螺各种群虽然存在遗传分化，但未形成明显的与地理分布相关的谱系结构， 导致滨螺整体遗传结构不明显的原因可能是其繁殖力强，中华滨螺、塔结节滨螺 与小结节滨螺均具有较长的浮游幼虫期，幼虫可以随海流扩散到不同的海域，促 进了种群之间的基因交流。此外，海岸防护工程的大面积修建，为滨螺的附着提 供了适宜的环境，可能由此不断促进了海区之间的交流，进而削弱了种群的遗传 结构。

The research of China coastal intertidal zone started late, and most of them were concentrated on some economic species. Therefore, our study selected four species of littorinid, used nuclear and mitochondrial genes to compare the phylogeography. The sea snails in the family Littorinidae are commonly distributed along the coast of China on the intertidal reefs. Human activities have a relatively less impact on them because of lower economic value. In this study, we analyzed the population genetic diversity and structure of Littorina brevicula, Littoraria sinensis, Echinolittorina trochoides and Echinolittorina radiata using nuclear and mitochondrial genes to explore their present phylogegraphical patterns, and infer driving forces evolutionary process. From the results, we have observed two kinds of distribution patterns, one is represented by Littorina brevicula, Echinolittorina trochoides and Echinolittorina radiata, with a stenotopic distribution within one side of the Yangtze river estuary. Echinolittorina trochoides and Echinolittorina radiata are in the south, while Littorina brevicula mainly in the north, but there are a few in Zhejiang province. The genetic diversity are generally low and no significant differences presented between these populations. The other distribution pattern is represented by Littoraria sinensis, with a wide distribution along the coast of China. they demonstrate an obvious genetic differentiation between different sea populations. But the results of AMOVA analysis indicated that the main source of variation was within population rather than among groups. The inconspicuous population structure of Littoraria sinensis may be associated with its life history, with a period of plankton-larvae which can be transported via coastal currents, promoting the gene flow among the populations. Artificial structures associated with large-scale land reclamation along China’s coastline provide new habitats for rocky shore species could also facilitate their dispersal and cause the weakened the population genetic structure.