曹禺除四大名剧之外的作品被称为“非经典”剧作，这些作品与四大名剧风格迥异：结构由紧密走向疏散；主题由婚恋转为政治；情节由集中激烈走向淡化冲突；人物形象由繁漪式的“蛮性”转为温和、理智与克制。“非经典”剧作的艺术价值往往遭到忽略或否定。本文试图通过结构视角，结合理论与作品，对“非经典”剧作的结构要素进行分析，以发掘其艺术价值。在情节掌控上，一方面，“非经典”剧作运用三种方法设计矛盾：首先围绕一个明确的创作目的与主题设立主要矛盾；其次通过错综复杂的分支矛盾推进冲突；最后，“引爆物”的设计让作家能轻松灵活地把控情节的节奏。另一方面，铺垫、推远、突转等技巧的运用使全剧在开端有充分铺垫，发展过程曲折多变，结尾处出人意料。在人物安排上，“非经典”剧作的人物设计有利有弊，但剧中仍生成了复杂的人物关系网，使人物之间相互掣肘，有机联动。幕后人物在曹剧中往往不可小觑，“非经典”剧作继续使用这种方法来推动情节、塑造人物。而“间色”人物的设计更是把握住了观众的心理，让全剧产生“庄”、“谐”交错的艺术效果。通过以上分析，可见当读者理解曹禺的审美追求，并抛开对创作意图与政治主题的偏见，仍能发现“非经典”剧作丰富的审美价值。 

Cao Yu's works other than the four famous dramas are called "non  classic" dramas. These works are very different from the four famous  dramas in style: the overall structure changes from close to open; The  theme changed from marriage to politics; The plot changes from intense  contradiction to dilution of conflict; The characters have changed from  Fanyi and Qiu Hu's "brutality" to gentleness, reason and restraint. The  artistic value of "non classic" plays is often ignored or denied. This paper  attempts to analyze the structural elements of "non classic" plays from the  perspective of structure, combined with theory and works, in order to  explore the artistic value of the play. In terms of plot control, on the one  hand, "non classic" plays use three ingenious methods to design  contradictions. First of all, "non classic" plays carry out the interpretation  of the story around a certain theme and clear creative purpose. Therefore,  the writer pays more attention to the method of deducting the story, that is,  layout design. Secondly, after setting up the main contradiction according  to the theme, the writer realizes the promotion of the conflict through  complex multi branch contradictions. Finally, the design of "detonator"  allows the writer to control the rhythm of the plot easily and flexibly. On  the other hand, the application of foreshadowing, pushing away, sudden  turning, discovery and other skills enhances the stage of the whole play, achieves the effect of attracting the attention of the audience, and makes  the whole play fully foreshadow at the beginning, the development process  is tortuous and changeable, and the end is unexpected. In terms of character  arrangement, the characters of "non classic" plays have transformed with  the change of theme, and their character design has advantages and  disadvantages. However, the author still generates a complex character  relationship network through complex character design, which restricts and  organically links the characters, and has an impact on the whole play. The  characters behind the scenes can not be underestimated in Cao's dramas.  "Non classic" dramas continue to use this method to promote the plot and  shape the characters. The design of the characters of "intermediate color"  grasps the psychology of the audience and makes the whole play produce  the artistic effect of "Zhuang" and "harmony". Through the above analysis,  it can be seen that when readers understand Cao Yu's aesthetic pursuit and  put aside their prejudice against the political theme and the creative  purpose of political publicity, they can still find the rich aesthetic value of  "non classic" plays.