职业名词作为称呼词的现象十分普遍。然而，在职业名词中，只有一小部分可以被用作称呼词。由于现代汉语口语系统中存在着一定的称谓缺环，于是，在能作称呼词的职业名词中，又有部分出现了泛化现象，可以用来称呼从事别的职业的人。这样的语言现象不仅与职业名词所指向的职业的权势因素和交谈者双方的亲疏关系有关，还与职业名词本身的语用功能有着密切联系。

There's a very popular phenomenon that the professional noun is used as appellation form. However, only some professional nouns can be used as appellation forms. Because appellative absence exists in the spoken system of the modern Chinese,consequently,there's a "generalization"phenomenon in the appellation form of the professional noun system, and the nouns which are affected by the "generalization"principle can be used when we address some people with other professions. This language phenomenon not only relates to the element of ascendancy which the professional noun points to, but also associates with the relationship between the talkers; Furthermore, it shows close connection with the linguistic use of the professional noun itself.