粮食安全事关民生福祉，耕地资源是保障粮食安全的根本与要害，在纯粹行政约束制度普遍失灵的情况下，建立健全耕地保护经济补偿制度已经成为了学界共识。在梳理政策现状，展开文献综述后，为了测算黑龙江省种粮耕地保护补偿经济标准、确定补偿面积，本研究进行了以下工作：采用粮食供需平衡法，测算黑龙江省种粮耕地的盈余面积；综合采用当量因子价值法、收益还原法、影子价格法等研究方法，测算黑龙江省种粮耕地的经济、社会、生态三种价值与理论补偿标准；采用R.pearl生长曲线模型，对理论补偿标准进行修正，获取现实补偿标准和补偿总额度。结果表明，2018年黑龙江省的种粮耕地保护补偿标准为646.85元/亩，在人均粮食消费量为370kg、400kg、430kg的情况下，现实补偿总额分别为1149.9亿元、1131.4亿元、1112.6亿元。本研究为论证建立耕地保护经济补偿制度的必要性提供了数据支撑，为黑龙江省耕地保护补偿标准的制定提供了参考。

Grain security concerns the well-being of people's livelihood, and cultivated land resources are the fundamental and key to guarantee grain security. In the case of the general failure of the pure administrative restraint system, establishing and improving the economic compensation system for cultivated land protection has become the academic consensus. After sorting out the policy status quo and conducting a literature review, in order to calculate the economic standard of compensation for cultivated land protection in Heilongjiang Province and determine the total amount of compensation, the surplus area of cultivated land in Heilongjiang Province was calculated by using the method of grain supply and demand balance.

The economic, social and ecological values and theoretical compensation standards of grain cultivated land in Heilongjiang Province were calculated by means of equivalent factor value method, income reduction method and shadow price method. R. Pearl growth curve model is used to modify the theoretical compensation standard and obtain the realistic compensation standard and the total amount of compensation.

The study shows that in 2018, the compensation standard for cultivated land protection in Heilongjiang Province is 9702.75 yuan/hm2, and the total realistic compensation is 114.99 billion yuan, 113.14 billion yuan and 111.26 billion yuan respectively when the per capita grain consumption is 370kg, 400kg and 430kg.This study provides data support for the demonstration of the necessity of economic compensation system for cultivated land protection, and provides a reference for the establishment of standards in the compensation system for cultivated land protection for grain.