小企业在美国经济发展中占据着重要地位，它对于美国的意义不仅仅存在于经济发展和民生就业的层面，同时还代表着美国自由、独立和个人主义的精神。20世纪80年代，美国的小企业作为市场化改革的一部分重新受到政策的关注。共和党以市场为主要手段，解除政府管制、给与微观激励；民主党在继承共和党政策的基础上进行了一些修正，增加了政府帮扶的力度；2000年以后，小布什和奥巴马则又着重解决了小企业医疗保险的问题，他们的手段和策略有所不同，但都补充了小企业政策某一领域的缺项。总体上，两党的小企业政策有区别亦有交叉，都是在市场化改革的大方向下，通过不同形式、不同取向的政策扶植，推动小企业发展，以自主就业承接市场化改革对劳动力市场造成的冲击，两党政策的微调与反差共同促进了政策的完善与平衡。

Small enterprises play an important role in the economic development of the United States. The significance of it to the United States not only exists in the level of economic development and employment of the people's livelihood, but also represents the spirit of freedom, independence and individualism in the United States.  In the 1980s, small business in the United States received renewed policy attention as part of market reforms. The Republican Party takes the market as the main means to remove government regulation and give micro-incentives. Democrats inherited Republican policies and made some amendments to increase government assistance; After 2000, George W. Bush and Barack Obama focused again on small business health insurance, with different approaches and strategies, but both supplemented one area of small business policy that was missing. Overall, both sides of the small business policy difference also have crossed, is under the direction of market-oriented reform, through the different form, different orientation of policy support, promote the development of small businesses, with independent employment, undertaking market-oriented reforms to the Labour market impact of bipartisan policy fine-tuning and contrast jointly promote the improvement of the policy and balance.