作为国家和中国共产党反腐败政策的坚定执行者，基层纪检监察机关在开展反腐败工作的过程中扮演了十分重要的角色，承担起艰巨的任务，属于反腐败斗争的关键组成部分。而和众多的人民群众具有紧密联系的是县级纪检监察机关，在纪检监察的工作过程中发挥了桥梁作用。因此，在全面从严治党逐渐向基层扩张的背景下，研究基层纪检监察有助于考察我国基层纪检监察的监督职责、监督范围、监督程序等一系列的运行模式以及存在问题，提出对策，为我国基层监察委员会制度建设提供新思路。

2016年末到2017年初，国家监察体制改革逐渐推开，其目标就是设立监察委员会，完善统一集中、权威有效的监察制度。监察委员会从实际意义上说是政治机关，其最重要职责就是监察。在十三届全国人大一次会议中，《中华人民共和国监察法》（即《监察法》）被表决通过，体现了我国在改革监察体制方面取得的成果，有力的规范了政府在反腐败工作的程序，很大程度上保障了中国实现治理体系的现代化。继而，监察权作为我国的第四权，位于立法权、行政权、司法权之后，但是在研究监察权方面理论界没有非常雄厚的研究基础，无法清晰的界定其工作的权力范围。本文主要以治理理论和权力制衡理论为基础，以地方监察委员会权力的科学配置为研究主题，提出建设基层监察委员会制度的设想。

本文首先对反腐败问题及监察委员会的相关内容做了综述，为进一步研究打下基础。接着探讨监察委员会的结构、功能、运转等基本内涵，对古今中外权力监督理论进行深入考察，包括对治理理论、权力制衡理论、反腐败理论进行梳理，以明晰基层监察委员会的制度设计和现实特点，促进基层纪检监察工作稳定健康发展。

其次，介绍我国基层监察委员会的制度改革现状，了解新时代背景下，我国监察制度的新变化，并找出基层监察委员会制度改革中存在的问题，例如：监督范围扩大导致县级以下干部结构性短缺、监督职责模糊导致纪委监委派驻及派出机构权限不清以及监督程序不清导致基层监委与其他机构配合不到位。从整体上把握我国基层监察委员会的制度环境，以及可能存在的突出问题。

再次，以江苏省睢宁县的基层监察委员为例，对其进行实地调研，了解纪检监察队伍总体情况，对部分纪检工作人员和群众进行访谈调查，从执纪审查职能、执纪审查程序和措施、工作实践与成效三方面研究基层纪检在制度设计和实践操作中的张力，发现职能定位不明、纪检机构独立性不够、纪检工作人员队伍不合理三项因素的共同制约了基层检查委员会制度的建设，并具体阐述和分析了这些问题产生的原因。

最后，本文运用现有的理论、文献资料针对调研结果，试图在实践层面提出一些有益的建议。从明确职能定位，提升纪检监察工作时效性；完善双重领导体制，增强纪检机关独立性；加强干部队伍建设，提高监察人员履职能力等方面提出了相应的对策建议，为基层监察委员会制度建设提供理论支持。

As a firm executor of anti-corruption policies of the state and the CPC, discipline inspection and supervision organs at the grass-roots level play a very important role in the process of anti-corruption work and undertake arduous tasks as a key part of anti-corruption struggle. Therefore, under the background of comprehensively administering the party to the grassroots level, studying the basic discipline inspection and supervision can help to examine the operation mode and existing problems of the grassroots discipline inspection and supervision in China, and provide new ideas for the construction of the grassroots supervision committee system in China.

From the end of 2016 to the beginning of 2017, the reform of the national supervision system was carried out in an orderly manner. The goal of the reform of the national supervision system was to establish a supervision committee，we will improve the unified, centralized, authoritative and effective supervision system. As a political organ, the important duty of supervisory commission is to exercise supervisory power. At the first session of the 13th National People's Congress, the supervision law of the People's Republic of China (the supervision law) was adopted by vote, which reflects the achievements China has made in reforming the supervision system. Then, supervisory power, as the fourth power in China, is behind legislative power, executive power and judicial power. However, there is no strong research foundation in the theoretical circle on supervisory power, and it is impossible to clearly define its power scope, based on the scientific allocation of the power of the local supervisory committee, and then proposes the idea of building a grassroots supervisory committee system.

This article first summarizes the anti-corruption issues and related research of the Commission, laying the foundation for further research. Then it discusses the basic connotation of the structure, function and operation of the supervisory committee, and conducts an in-depth study of the ancient and modern power supervision theory, including the theory of governance, the theory of power balance, and the anti-corruption theory. In order to clarify the institutional design and realistic characteristics of the grassroots supervision committee, we will promote the scientific development of grassroots discipline inspection and supervision.

Secondly, it introduces the current situation of the system reform of the grass-roots Supervision Committee in China, understands the new changes of the supervision system in the new era, and finds out the problems existing in the system reform of the grass-roots supervision committee, such as: the expansion of the supervision scope leads to the structural shortage of cadres below the county level, the vague supervision responsibility leads to the unclear authority of the dispatched and dispatched offices of the Discipline Inspection Committee and the unclear supervision procedures As a result of the Qing Dynasty, the grass-roots Supervision Committee and other institutions did not cooperate in place. Grasp the system environment of the grass-roots Supervision Committee in China as a whole, as well as the possible outstanding problems.

Thirdly, take Suining County of Jiangsu Province as an example, make a field investigation, understand the overall situation of discipline inspection and supervision team, interview and investigate some discipline inspection staff and the masses, study the tension of discipline inspection in system design and practice operation from three aspects: discipline inspection function, discipline inspection procedures and measures, work practice and effectiveness, and find the function orientation Unidentified, the lack of independence of discipline inspection institutions, and the unreasonable team of discipline inspection staff restrict the construction of the system of grass-roots inspection committee, and the causes of these problems are elaborated and analyzed in detail.

Finally, this paper uses the existing theory, literature and research results, trying to put forward some useful suggestions in practice. In order to provide theoretical support for the system construction of the grass-roots supervision committee, the corresponding countermeasures and suggestions are put forward from the aspects of clarifying the functional orientation, improving the timeliness of the discipline inspection and supervision work, improving the dual leadership system, enhancing the independence of the discipline inspection organ, strengthening the construction of the cadre team, and improving the ability of the supervisors to perform their duties.