加强对学生的问题意识、创造性思维以及问题解决能力的培养，是新课程改革的重要目标之一。问题是培养学习者认知发展和高级思维技能的基础，对于教学有着至关重要的作用。而对整个教学过程来说，各个教学环节需要不同复杂程度的问题来支撑和引导，尤其对分层教学来说更是如此。因此，教师需要的不止是一个单独的问题，更是知识和方法要求有层次区分的一系列问题，本研究将其称为“问题系统”。针对问题和问题系统的设计方法，教学设计以及物理教学论领域的专家已经做出了一定的研究成果，但多是宏观策略和原则指导，不足以为一线物理教师的具体操作提供帮助。以学习活动为中心的教学设计理论，提出了知识推理路径问题设计方法，尝试为教师提供一种可操作的问题设计技术，但仍有待完善。本文在现有研究成果的基础上，针对中学物理电磁学探索出知识关联图问题设计的操作技术。并通过问卷调查以及缺陷分析的方法进一步完善和改进这种问题设计技术。从设计单个问题到设计一个问题系统，本研究进一步发展和提升了物理问题设计的技术水平。本研究主要包括以下三部分内容：（1）物理学科知识关联图的绘制规范和问题设计的操作细节。该部分对物理学科知识关联图的应用功能、构成成分、绘制步骤以及完备性检验方法做了详细说明，并阐述了其相对知识推理路径的继承与创新。同时，在借鉴知识推理路径问题设计方法的基础上，进一步完善针对知识关联图的ADM操作方法。（2）中学物理电磁学问题系统设计方法。针对物理电磁学部分的知识内容，运用知识关联图问题设计方法设计一系列问题，并在此基础上总结出问题系统的构建方法。（3）问题系统设计成果的问卷调查与归因。通过问卷调查，分析所设计的问题及问题系统存在的缺陷与不足，根据分析及归因的结果进一步改进和完善问题设计技术。

Enhancing the students’ problem awareness, creative thinking and problem solving abilities is one of the most important goals of the New Curriculum Reform. As the foundation to train learners’ cognitive development and advanced thinking skills, problem has a vital role for instruction. And for the whole teaching process, problems on different levels are needed in various teaching link, especially for the hierarchical teaching. What teachers need is more than just a single problem, but a series of problems which can be distinguished according to the knowledge and methods required. We call them the “problem system”.Experts in fields of Instructional Design and Physical Pedagogy have made some achievements on the methods to design a problem and problem system. But most of them are macroscopic principles which can’t help the Physics teachers directly and specifically. In the study of Learning Activity-Centered Instructional Design, a method to design a problem using Knowledge Ratiocination Routes was explored. It is a operational problem design technology but still needs to be improved.In this paper, on the basis of existing research results, the problem design technology using Knowledge Relating Network has been explored and applied in Physics Electromagnetism of middle school. The author also validates this technology through questionnaire and limitation-analysis and further improves it. Designing a problem system instead of a single problem, this research develops and improves the technical level of Physics problem design. The research is composed of the following three parts:(1) Mapping rules of Knowledge Relating Network and operation details of Physics problem design. In this part, the author elaborates the function, components, mapping steps, self-consistency verification of the Knowledge Relating Network and its relationships with and differences from the Knowledge Ratiocination Routes. And the ADM operation method on Knowledge Relating Network is improved using Knowledge Ratiocination Routes Problem Design Method for reference.(2) Problem system design method for Physics Electromagnetism in middle school. Design a series of problems on Physics Electromagnetism with the Knowledge Relating Network Problem Design Method. And then sums up the method to construct a problem system.(3) The questionnaire-based survey and attribution on the fruit of problem system design. Analyze the limitation of the problems and problem systems which are designed in this paper, and further improve the perfect the problem design technology in the light of the analysis results.