随着城市水源地突发污染事件的日益增加，由此引发的水源污染后果变得尤为严重，对人类健康负效应明显加剧。全面开展城市水源地预警监测的研究，已成为维护城市公共安全的当务之急。我国只有少数地区开展了水源地预警监测的试点，而且多从组织管理上进行规定，这为水源地环境预警分析增加了难度。论文以城市水源地为研究对象，探求水源地预警和监测之间的内在联系；构建水源预警监测的理论框架和方法体系；完善并制定用于预警监测的水质预警监测指标和水质预警评价方法，为城市化进程中水源地保护提供有力的基础支撑。另外，本文通过对密云水库水源地的实证研究，探讨这一预警监测体系的应用，对我国正在广泛开展的水源保护工作具有实际的指导作用。论文以预警监测的时序性、空间性和综合性为抓手，从以下几个方面构建城市水源地预警监测体系：（1）以时序性为顺序，构建预警监测体系。“时序性”是在预警监测的环节把握水质状况的动态性特征，按照水质的常态阶段、预警阶段和应急阶段，将预警的流程设计为甄别警素、划分警度、识别警源、分析警兆、确定警级和表征警情6个步骤，并对每个步骤的工作内容和要点进行分析与归纳。为了保证各阶段预警监测功能的实现，论文将预警监测体系分为预警层和基础支撑层，并将预警层按照功能划分为预警监测分析子系统、信息子系统和响应子系统。在预警监测分析子系统中，论文着重探讨了生物预警功能的实现。（2）以空间性为布局，设计预警监测网络。“空间性”是在体系设计中注重从点、线、面三个角度设计监测网络，依靠监测频率上的“勤”，监测空间上的“广”以及监测项目上的“全”，实现梯度合理、便于协作的预警“大监测”网络。另外，在预警监测网络的管理体系中，网络要与已有水源监测站点的结合，并规范监测制度与程序，保证监测数据的质量。（3）以综合性为基础，提出筛选预警监测指标与判断警级的方法。“综合性”是对城市水源地进行监测、分析、预警时，所筛选的监测指标要具有综合全面的特点。论文在分析我国现有水源地水质标准和饮用水卫生标准的基础上，结合先进国家和地区的水质基准，尝试提出了水源地预警监测指标的目标警值和推荐警值，并提出了水质预警评级方法，为预警的实际运用提供了参照与依据。

The pollution of urban source water has become a serious problem in the environmental protection, as the increase of water pollution incidents. It is a live issue in the environmental science about the early warning system of urban source water. Whereas there were few research on the subject in domestic, so it was quite limited in respect of the amount of the basic data and also it is not clear about the present situation, which makes it more difficult for the environmental management. Therefore, the present research is going to built environment monitoring and early warning system of urban water source, develop assessment methodology of water sources and water quality and improve water quality standards for environment monitoring and early warning system.Besides, in order to provide practical guidance of early warning and monitoring system, the paper use empirical research on the Miyun Reservoir to explore the application. According to following principles, framework of source water monitoring and early warning system is built:(1) Time sequence Time sequence of early warning and monitoring system is considered to grasp the dynamic characteristics of the water quality conditions and provide prediction and warning. In accordance with the differences in water quality of the normal phase, the paper takes tangible steps to predict water risk, such as: identfiy alert phase, divided alert degrees, find the source of alert, analysis risk, determine and reveal risk prediction. Meanwhile, the papers offers suggestions on policy, management, and technical of source water monitoring and early warning system.(2) Spatiality Spatiality of early warning and monitoring system is considered to design system based on point, line and area. In addition, management system of early warning and monitoring network shoud taking existing water monitoring sites into account and standardize the monitoring system and procedures to ensure the quality of monitoring data.(3) SynthesesSyntheses of early warning and monitoring system is also considered to use comprehensive evaluation methods to monitor, analysis, predict the risk of source water. On the basis of the existing water quality standards and drinking water standards, the paper try to put forward the warning standard system and water rating method to provide the reference for practice.