我国的历史文化源远流长，传承的珍贵文物不尽其数，但有机质文物易受霉菌侵袭。如清代木质家具等受到霉菌污染等案例时有发生，文物的保藏工作还有待完善。此外，古籍修复工作、现代潮湿条件下的房屋家具受霉菌威胁，因此霉菌的防治工作需要引起重视。 目前的防霉措施主要集中于仓库温度湿度的管理以及无机防霉剂的使用。常用的无机防霉剂一般都有毒性，如通过银离子抑菌的百里酚，残留于空气中会危害人体健康、污染环境。而且一些无机防霉有剂制备复杂、成本高、易挥发等缺点。因此环境友好型的有机防霉剂，如脂肽抗生素的研究已提上议程。 已有研究表明，枯草芽孢杆菌产生的脂肽类物质可以破坏真菌的孢子和过度溶解多核的菌丝。实验室已通过发酵和抑菌试验，得到几种对青霉和曲霉有抑制效果的菌种。本次研究希望得到最有效的文物霉菌配方，为文物霉菌的杀菌工作提供有效方案。结果如下： （1）⑤-1、61号、GX-9、JX-2菌对青霉和黑曲霉有抑菌作用，且⑤-1、 GX-9最佳发酵时间为30个小时左右，61号菌、JX-2最佳发酵时间为38个小时左右。⑤-1、61号发酵32-48小时效果都比较好。 （2）⑤-1、61号菌可协同抑制青霉和黑曲霉，最佳协同比例为3:5；61号菌、GX-9可协同抑制黑曲霉，最佳协同比例为1:1；61号、JX-2可协同抑制黑曲霉，最佳协同比例为3：1；因为三种组合抑菌效果相近，且⑤-1、61号菌可协同抑制青霉和黑曲霉，所以着重研究⑤-1、61号的协同作用。 （3）3:5混合的⑤-1、61号发酵液协同抑制青霉和黑曲霉的最低抑菌浓度都为稀释为原来的1/4。 （4）选⑤-1、61号制备不同接菌浓度的发酵液，发现接菌量为⑤-1-6%、61号9%时得到的发酵液的抑制青霉、黑曲霉的效果最好，最佳发酵时间分别为32小时、38小时左右。 （5）用发酵液在纸张、丝绸、皮革、竹子上做抑菌试验，培养三天后，对照组长菌明显、实验组几乎没有菌生长，对比明显，证明用⑤-1、61号的发酵液协同抑制青霉和黑曲霉，在现实生活中可行。 （6）分别在37摄氏度、4摄氏度、室温条件下保存发酵液一个月、三个月，做抑菌试验后发现，在室温条件下保存一个月的发酵液抑菌效果更明显，保存三个月后抑菌效果有下降。可见发酵液里的活性物质较稳定。实际应用中可直接室温保存或4摄氏度保存，三个月左右抑菌效果不会有明显减退。

Our country has a long history and culture，and the inheritance of precious cultural relics in countless. But the organic relics are susceptible to mold invasion. Wooden furniture in Qing Dynasty is susceptible to mold invasion, things like this often happen. So the preservation of cultural relics has yet to be improved. In addition, restoration of ancient books, and modern furniture in wet conditions are threatened by mold. Therefore, the prevention and control of mold needs attention. At present, the anti mildew measures mainly focus on the management of the warehouse temperature and humidity and the use of inorganic chemicals. The commonly used inorganic preservatives are generally toxic. For example Thymol, which has antibacterial effect of silver ion, if residues in the air will be harmful to human health, pollution of the environment. And some inorganic mildew agent preparation complex, high cost, volatile and other shortcomings. Therefore, the study of environmental friendly organic fungicides, such as lipopeptide antibiotics has been put on the agenda. Previous studies have shown that the lipopeptide produced by Bacillus subtilis can destroy the spores of the fungus and the excessive dissolution of the mycelium. The laboratory has been through fermentation and antibacterial test, to obtain a number of strains of Penicillium and Aspergillus inhibitory effect. This study hopes to get the most effective formula of cultural relics, to provide an effective solution for the sterilization of cultural relics. There are some results: (1) -1, No. 61, GX-9, JX-2 bacteria have antibacterial effects on Penicillium and Aspergillus niger, and the best fermentation time of ⑤-1 and GX-9 was about 30 hours, and the optimal fermentation time was about 38 hours for and JX-2. ⑤ -1 and No. 61 fermentation for 32-48 hours, the effect is good. (2) ⑤-1 and No. 61 could inhibit Penicillium and Aspergillus niger, and the best synergy ratio is 3:5. 61, GX-9 can inhibit Aspergillus niger, the best synergy ratio of 1:1. 61, JX-2 can inhibit Aspergillus niger, the best synergistic ratio of 3. Because the three combinations of antibacterial effect is similar, and ⑤-1, No. 61 bacteria can inhibit both Penicillium and Aspergillus niger, so we focus on the synergistic effect of -1 and No. 61. (3) The minimum inhibitory concentration of 3:5 mixed with fermentation broth of 61 and -1 to inhibit Penicillium and Aspergillus niger was diluted to 1/4. (4) ⑤-1 and 61 were selected to prepare the fermentation broth with different concentrations of bacteria. It was found that the fermentation broth had the best inhibitory effect on Penicillium and Aspergillus niger, and the optimal fermentation time were about 36 hours and 38 hours, respectively when the amount of bacteria was about ⑤-1-6% and No. 61-9%. (5) The bacteriostatic test was carried out on paper, silk, leather and bamboo by fermentation broth. After three days of culture, the experience group, which almost has no mold was obviously different from the control group. So it was proved that the fermentation broth of ⑤-1 and 61 could inhibit Penicillium and aspergillus in real life. (6) At 37 degrees Celsius, 4 degrees Celsius, room temperature preserved the fermentation liquid for one month, three months. After antibacterial test, Under the condition of room temperature, the bacteriostatic effect of one month of fermentation liquid was more obvious, and after three months of preservation, the inhibitory effect decreased. It shows that the stability of the active ingredient is very good. In practical application, it can be stored at room temperature for about three month.