近几十年以来，我国外汇储备规模有了很大的涨幅，从1996年突破1000亿美元到2007年15282亿美元。如此高速的增长和巨大的规模对我国经济的发展而言是一把双刃剑。我国作为一个发展中国家，势必需要一定量的外汇储备来确保我国有能力对外支付、干预外汇市场以及提升国家信誉。但是过量的外汇储备规模又会产生管理问题，如规模控制问题、成本与收益问题等。本文从外汇储备管理的国际比较入手，结合当前我国外汇储备增长因素的分析研究，寻求有利于我国外汇储备管理的一些思路和对策。本文共分为七部分： 引言。这部分主要介绍本论文的选题依据和背景以及目前国内外对该问题的研究现状。 外汇储备管理概述。这部分主要介绍外汇储备的含义、特点和功能以及外汇储备管理理论。 中国储备管理的现状以及面临的问题。这部分主要介绍中国外汇储备发展历史及现状，指出外汇储备持续增长的原因：持续的双顺差、美国因素、资本管制以及汇率制度的影响。在分析原因和结合国际比较的基础上，提出我国外汇储备管理面临的主要问题：外汇储备增长过快、规模巨大，外汇储备经营管理效益较低，管理体系相对不完善，货币币种与资产结构未达到优化，外汇储备资产投资人才缺乏以及相关法律体系不完善等。 　日本储备管理现状以及面临的问题。 中日外汇储备管理比较及国际比较。这部分详细地介绍了我国外汇储备的发展历程，通过对一些国家进行比较，从而得出一些总量管理的经验和启示。主要介绍美国、日本、韩国及新加坡的外汇管理体制，从管理体系、目标、币种与资产结构、风险管理几个角度进行国际比较，从而得出一些结构管理的经验和启示。 启示。在上一部分的基础之上，针对性地提出一些对策建议。为控制规模，建议扩大内需、改善贸易结构、平衡国际收支，适当放松外汇管制，有步骤进行汇率改革；为加强结构管理，建议完善我国外汇储备管理体系，优化外汇储备的货币结构和资产结构，努力创造最优的外汇储备经济效益和运营效益，增强我国外汇储备管理的透明度，建立外汇储备风险管理制度，加强高素质、高水平外汇储备营运管理人员的培养。

The foreign exchange reserve is of great importance to an open economy system, and it is a guarantee to melt the deficit of balance of payments, intervene the foreign exchange market so as to maintain the stability of the exchange rate of currency in its own country and to borrow and repay the foreign loan. Under the condition of the increasingly large scale of the international currency flow, how to relieve the negative impacts resulted from the rapid increase of the reserve, such as the pressure of inflation, the anticipation of revaluation and the decline of agility of the currency policy, is a demanding issue to be handled. As a developing county, China definitely needs a certain amount of foreign exchange to ensure external payments, interfere with foreign exchange market and promote the county credit. This paper tries to find out some thoughts and counter measures to solve the current foreign exchange managing problem through international comparisons of exchange cover managing. This paper has the following parts: Exchange cover’s introduction. This part introduces definition, characteristic and functions of foreign exchange. Exchange reserve’s management theory. This part summarizes quantity management theory and structure management of exchange reserve, so as to provide studying platform for this paper. Quantity management theory mainly introduces the import, moderate scale theory as well as some research methods. Structure management summarizes the theory evolution, management principles and currency kind of combination principle. Exchange cover’s international comparison on quantity management. Making use of a little easy to count and secretly scheme against research methods such as exchange reserve and entrance proportion law, exchange reserve and the GDP proportion ratio, this part try to find some experience and enlightenment from the international comparison on quantity management. Exchange reserve’s international comparison on structure management. After introducing the current structure management situation of Japan, Korea and Singapore, this part carry out international comparison from several angles including administrative system as well as targets, currency and assets structure, along with the risk administration. Chinese exchange reserve development general situation and their managing problems. This part introduces our country exchange reserve’s development and points out some causes of exchange cover sustained growing: sustained Favorable balance of current account and Capital item, USA factor, insufficient domestic needs and import, capital controls and exchange rate system, as well as some problems being confronted with including increasing by quickly and enormous scale, lower managing avails, relatively imperfect administrative system, not optimized currency kind and assets structure, shortage of professional person good at exchange reserve assets investment. Some Enlightenment. This part summits some measures and suggestion to solve the problems of our country’s exchange reserve management. To control scale, we can expand domestic demand, improve trade structure, keep balance of international payments, appropriately loosen foreign exchange control, and have a step to reform exchange rate system. To manage well, we can perfect our country exchange reserve administrative system, optimize exchange reserve currency structure and assets structure, make great efforts to create the optimum exchange cover economic effect, strengthen the transparency of our country exchange reserve management, build exchange reserve risk administration system and reinforce to cultivate professional person.