In order to optimize the demographic structure and solve the problem of the fertility rate continued to decline, the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee held a meeting on May 31, 2021, pointing out that in order to further optimize the fertility policy, a couple can have three children and supporting measures (hereinafter referred to as the three-child policy) have been implemented. Expanding childcare service resources is an important starting point for the implementation of the three-child policy, childcare institutions as a key part of the childcare service system, its development is worthy of attention, supporting the childcare institutions is an important way to expand childcare service resources, therefore, in the context of the new era and population strategy, it is very important and urgent to explore the current situation, problems and main reasons of childcare institutions' supporting policies, and further put forward policy suggestions for improving childcare institutions' supporting policies.

This study takes Beijing as an example to conducts an in-depth study on the supporting policies of childcare institutions under the background of the three-child policy. The first is to use the literature method to consult and sort out the policy documents and research literature of the central and Beijing municipalities related to the supporting policies of childcare institutions under the background of the three-child policy; the second is to use the interview method to conduct in-depth interviews with governmental administrative personnel, organizers, responsible persons and practitioners of childcare institutions, as well as experts and scholars in Beijing; the third is to use the questionnaire survey method to distribute questionnaires in 6 administrative districts with different levels of development in Beijing, including Xicheng District, Haidian District, Chaoyang District, Fengtai District, In Tongzhou District and Shunyi District, the questionnaire is aimed at three categories of people: heads of childcare institutions, practitioners and parents. In short, this study comprehensively uses the literature method, interview method and questionnaire method to comprehensively understand the current situation and main problems of the supporting policies of childcare institutions in Beijing, explore and analyze the IVcauses of the problems, and finally put forward countermeasures and suggestions for improving the supporting policies of childcare institutions.

Firstly, this study analyzes the current situation and main problems of the supporting policies of childcare institutions in Beijing. Through the study, it is found that in terms of the access policy of childcare institutions, the access links of childcare institutions are currently jointly managed by multiple departments in a classified and hierarchical manner. In the access conditions for childcare institutions, the hard access conditions are set clearly, but the conditions are too ideal, the gap with the actual situation is large, and the soft access conditions are lacking, which is mainly reflected in the qualifications of personnel and service standards; in terms of the funding supporting policies of childcare institutions, the main body of funding guarantee of childcare institutions is composed of multiple departments at two levels in the urban area, but there is currently a problem of poor coordination between various departments. The expression of the funding support conditions is relatively clear, but its setting is not entirely reasonable, and it does not involve restrictive conditions and quality conditions. In terms of funding support, the government currently mainly uses non-competitive financial support to reduce the operational pressure of institutions, but it is difficult to play an incentive role in the lack of competitive financial support. In addition, in terms of funding support standards, there are also problems such as low overall funding support standards and unclear funding support standards for inclusive childcare institutions; in terms of personnel supporting policies for childcare institutions, the main body of security supported by childcare institution personnel is composed of education, human resources and social security and other departments, but the current division of responsibilities of various departments is not clear. Although the government is actively expanding the training scale of practitioners, there is less professional-related training. At the same time, the current level of treatment protection for employees is low, which affects the stability of the staff team of childcare institutions; In terms of the supervision and evaluation policy of childcare institutions, the main body of supervision and evaluation of childcare institutions is composed of government departments and all sectors of society, but the division of labor between various government departments is not clear, and the multi-entity collaborative supervision and evaluation mechanism is not yet perfect. In terms of the content of the regulatory assessment, the content of the government's regulatory assessment of exemplary childcare institutions is relatively perfect and the satisfaction is high, but the content of the regulatory assessment of non-demonstration childcare institutions is not comprehensive and the satisfaction is low. In terms of regulatory assessment methods, the government currently adopts classified supervision, regular inspection and daily spot checks to supervise childcare institutions, but it Vpays more attention to external "pushback" of childcare institutions and ignores internal "empowerment". In the application of regulatory assessment results, the current government's use of the results of the regulatory assessment of childcare institutions is insufficient, and in addition, a dynamic intervention system based on the results of the regulatory assessment to provide developmental support for institutions has not yet been established. In terms of the exit policy of childcare institutions, the existing policy is not clear about the management method of the withdrawal of childcare institutions, and the lack of full consideration of the aftermath of the withdrawal of institutions is not conducive to the proper placement of personnel and property resources. In terms of withdrawal conditions, the existing mandatory withdrawal conditions focus on clarifying the illegal acts of institutions, but ignore elements such as service quality, and the conditions for voluntary withdrawal are not clear, which increases the risk of government support resource allocation to a certain extent. Secondly, the main reasons for the existing main problems in the support policy of childcare institutions in Beijing are analyzed from four aspects. First of all, in the aspect of conceptual understanding, the current government's understanding of the nature of childcare services is not clear, and the appropriateness and implementation of childcare institutions to support policy formulation are insufficient; secondly, in the aspect of laws and regulations, the upper-level legal system system is not perfect, and the formulation and implementation of supporting policies lack legal guarantees; third, in the aspect of the management system, the current management system is not smooth, and the sound and effective implementation of supporting policies is restricted; finally, in the aspect of funding input mechanisms, the current funding input mechanism is not perfect, and the policy implementation is insufficient and unstable.

Finally, combined with the empirical research results and existing research, this study attempts to propose countermeasures to improve the support policy of childcare institutions in the context of the "three-child" birth policy from the three aspects of basic principles, safeguard mechanisms and reform measures. In terms of basic principles, firstly, we should take universal benefits as the guide and clarify the relationship between the government and the market; secondly, take the people as the center to guide standardized and diversified supply; and finally, focus on safety and health and adhere to the principle of giving priority to children. In terms of the guarantee mechanism, first of all, strengthen the top-level design and improve the supporting policies; secondly, rationalize the management system and clarify the division of responsibilities of different management levels and departments; finally, establish a reasonable cost-sharing mechanism. In terms of reform measures, firstly, improve the normative standards and supervision mechanisms of childcare institutions; secondly, broaden the channels for multi-party VIforces to participate in the construction of childcare institutions; thirdly, improve the structure and standards of funding support; fourthly, improve the treatment guarantee policy for employees; fifthly, improve the training system for practitioners; and sixthly, establish and improve the dynamic withdrawal mechanism of childcare institutions.