近年来，华裔儿童这一汉语学习群体不断扩大，对于汉语学习的需求也与日俱增，并日渐成为汉语学习群体中不可忽视的一员。华裔儿童有着自身的语言习得和发展规律，不能简单等同于一般的汉语二语学习者。当前学界对于华裔儿童的汉语能力发展研究，特别是口语表达中的词语能力发展研究较少，有待进一步探究与讨论。

  在参考既往研究的基础上，本研究以20名加拿大汉英双语华裔儿童为研究对象，以口语叙事作为考察儿童汉语词语水平的主要手段，将10名已系统学习汉语两年以上的高年龄段华裔儿童与10名低年龄段华裔儿童在口语叙事中的词语复杂度表现进行对比，探究华裔儿童在汉语词语使用方面的特点，并在参考高年龄段华裔儿童词语复杂度水平的基础上，预测华裔儿童词语运用能力的发展趋势。同时，进一步将华裔儿童与国内南京市某小学20名同年龄段的汉语单语儿童进行对比，发现华裔儿童在词语运用方面的偏误及不足，从而为海外华裔儿童的汉语词语教学和词语能力评测提供一定的参考和建议。

  因此，本研究将从词汇复杂度和短语复杂度两方面对汉英双语华裔儿童的词语运用能力和发展特点进行分析与讨论。其中，词汇复杂度重点探究儿童在口语叙事中词的使用情况，主要包括词汇多样性、词汇密度和词汇成熟度三个维度以及五个测量指标。短语复杂度则重点探究儿童在口语叙事中自由短语和固定短语的使用情况，主要包括短语精细度和短语多样性两个维度以及五个测量指标。

  通过研究发现：在词汇复杂度方面，汉英双语华裔儿童在词汇密度水平上与汉语单语儿童较为接近，但在词汇多样性和词汇成熟度方面均落后于同年龄段的汉语单语儿童。并且，随着年龄的增长，华裔儿童的词汇多样性水平呈现出下降的趋势，词汇密度和词汇成熟度水平缓慢上升。同时，华裔儿童在口语叙事中极少出现词汇使用方面的偏误。其中，语言环境因素对华裔儿童词汇复杂度水平的发展存在着显著的影响。

  在短语复杂度方面，汉英双语华裔儿童的短语精细度和短语多样性水平均随着年龄的增长而有所提高。具体表现为，华裔儿童在口语叙事中的短语总数和平均句长有所增加，平均短语数和平均层数出现显著增长，定中、状中、联合和连谓等短语的使用比例进一步提高。虽然华裔儿童在短语复杂度方面的发展趋势与汉语单语儿童具有一致性，但二者之间仍存在一定的差距。其中，华裔儿童对于中补、兼语和连谓等结构较为复杂的短语使用比例偏低，且短语内部结构相对简单。与此同时，华裔儿童在口语叙事中存在着量词短语使用过度泛化，以及介词短语语序偏误的问题。

  总体而言，本研究从汉语自身的语法特点出发，通过Corpus Word Parser和手动的方式，分别对40名儿童口语叙事文本语料中的词和短语进行了划分与统计，并在AntConc自建儿童语料库的基础上，对汉英双语华裔儿童在口语叙事中的词语运用能力和发展特点进行了分析与讨论，进一步丰富了汉语二语研究领域中词语复杂度评测以及词语能力发展方面的研究成果。同时，对于华裔儿童在口语叙事中体现出的不足及偏误，本研究从教学实践的角度出发，就华裔儿童汉语词语教学和口语能力发展提出了一些教学建议，以期更好地助力海外华裔儿童汉语教学的发展。

  In recent years, children of Chinese descent have become an increasingly important group of Chinese language learners, with a growing demand for language learning. They have their own unique rules for language acquisition and development, which cannot be equated with those of ordinary second language learners. Currently, there are few researches on the Chinese language ability development of children of Chinese descent, especially the word ability development in oral expression, which needs to be further explored and discussed.

  On the basis of previous studies, this study took 20 Chinese-English bilingual children of Chinese descent in Canada as the research objects, and took oral narration as the main means to test children's Chinese word level. The performance of word complexity in oral narration was compared between 10 senior children of Chinese descent who had been systematically learning Chinese for more than two years and 10 low-age children of Chinese descent. This paper explores the characteristics of children of Chinese descent in the use of Chinese words, and predicts the development trend of children of Chinese descent in the use of words based on the complexity level of senior children of Chinese descent. At the same time, this paper further compares the children of Chinese descent with 20 Chinese monolingual children of the same age in a primary school in Nanjing, and finds out the errors and deficiencies of children of Chinese descent in the use of words in oral narrative, so as to provide some references and suggestions for the future Chinese language teaching and word ability evaluation of overseas children of Chinese descent.

  Therefore, this study will specifically analyze and discuss the word use ability and development characteristics of Chinese-English bilingual children of Chinese descent from two aspects of vocabulary complexity and phrase complexity. Among them, lexical complexity focuses on children's use of words in oral narration, including three dimensions of lexical diversity, lexical density and lexical sophistication, as well as five measurement indicators. Phrase complexity focuses on children's use of free phrases and fixed phrases in oral narration, including two dimensions of phrase fineness and phrase diversity and five measurement indicators.

  In terms of lexical complexity, Chinese-English bilingual children of Chinese descent are close to monolingual Chinese children in terms of lexical density, but lag behind in terms of lexical diversity and lexical sophistication. With the increase of age, the level of lexical diversity of Chinese children showed a downward trend, while the level of lexical density and lexical sophistication increased slowly. At the same time, children of Chinese descent rarely show lexical errors in oral narration. Among them, language environment factors have a significant impact on the development of children of Chinese descent's vocabulary complexity.

  In terms of phrase complexity, the level of phrase sophistication and phrase diversity of Chinese-English bilingual children of Chinese descent increased with age. Specifically, the total number of phrases and the average sentence length of children of Chinese descent in oral narration increased, and the average number of phrases and the average number of layers increased significantly, and the proportion of phrases such asmodifier-noun phrase, combinative phrases, serial verb phrase and adverbial-verb phrase predicate increased further.Although the development trend of phrase complexity of children of Chinese descent is consistent with that of Chinese monolingual children, there is still a certain gap between them. Among them, the proportion of children of Chinese descent's use of complex phrases such as middle complement phrase, concurrent phrase and serial verb phrase is low, and the internal structure of the phrase is relatively simple. At the same time, children of Chinese descent have the problem of overuse of quantifier phrases and the word order of prepositional phrases in oral narration.

  In general, based on the grammatical characteristics of Chinese, this study divided and counted the words and phrases in the Corpus Word Parser and manual methods of 40 children's spoken narrative texts.

  On the basis of AntConc's self-built children's corpus, this paper investigates the use and development characteristics of words in oral narrative of Chinese-English bilingual children of Chinese descent, further enriching the research results in the field of word complexity assessment and word ability development in the field of Chinese second language research. At the same time, for the shortcomings and errors of children of Chinese descent in oral narration, this study puts forward some teaching suggestions on Chinese words teaching and oral ability development of children of Chinese descent from the perspective of teaching practice, so as to better help the development of Chinese teaching for overseas children of Chinese descent.