压力和挑战是任何一个职业都会有的，适度的挑战能够促使人们追求进步，然而过大的压力会威胁到人的心理和生理健康。具体到教师职业，从大的社会和政策背景来说，我国基础教育领域正在进行着全面的改革，既给中小学教师带来了新的发展机遇，也带来了更大的挑战和压力。在以往韧性的研究中聚焦那些受创后依旧能够保持个体的良好发展,寻找帮助个体恢复的原因和因素，构建个体恢复的韧性作用机制。教师韧性的研究是韧性研究在研究对象范围上的延伸，它是教师在学校、家庭和个人三方面因素的交织影响下，科学的看待挑战并积极解决问题的能力。 本研究选择有经验的中学教师为研究对象，以北京市的一所中学的三位教师作为访谈对象，采用半结构化的访谈方法并对所收集的材料按照标准质性研究资料三级编码式的分析方法进行分析。研究结果发现:第一，有经验教师面临的职业挑战主要包括:教育教学问题、教育改革压力和考评的压力。第二，有经验教师韧性作用过程包含十四个个体和环境因素，分别为教师的自我效能感、积极乐观的态度、教师的职业认同、成就感、责任心、清晰地自我认识、学习和反思、积极解决问题、寻求帮助、有效的教学技能、调节情绪、学校领导支持、同事的支持、学生的支持;第三，有经验教师韧性是一个多维度的结构。表现为三大特征:高度的职业认同、生本位的学生观、高度灵活转换的问题观。

Pressure and challenge is normal for every profession, moderate challenges can prompt people to pursue further progress, however, too much pressure will endanger people's mental and physical health for teachers, , our country is carrying on the comprehensive reform of basic education field, bringing new development opportunities for both primary and secondary school teachers, also poses a greater challenge and pressure under the social and policy background. The previous studies focused on those who suffered mental toughness but still can maintain sound development, by the help of building positive individual mental mechanisms. The study of teacher resilience is an extension of resilience research. Teacher resilience is not only associated with the individual's capacity to ‘bounce back’or recover from highly traumatic experiences and events, but also the ability to keep balance, a sense of commitment and agency. This study choose three experienced middle school teachers as the research objects, using the semi-structured interview and analysing the databy according to the standard three-level coding rule. Research found that: firstly, the experienced teachers' career challenges include: education problems, teaching problems, assessment and the reform pressure etc. Secondly, the experienced teachers’resilience were influenced by 14 individual and environmental aspects, including teachers' self-efficacy, optimistic attitude, strong intrinsic motivation, leading off of emotion, effective teaching skills, identity and, physical quality, the relationship between teachers and students, independent of overcoming difficulties, effective problem solving skills, learning and reflection, support of family. colleagues, school culture ,the school leadership and management etc.Thirdly,the experienced teachers’resilience is a multi-dimensional structure, which characterized by three features: a high degree of professional identity, student-oriented teaching beliefs, highly flexible translation skill for challenge.