离子液体、聚离子液体和聚苯胺均具有对金属的缓蚀作用，本文旨在将其优点结合，设计制备一种新型的阳离子含有N-取代苯胺结构的离子液体，并通过氧化聚合制备离子液体的均聚物及其与苯胺的共聚物，研究离子液体及聚合物对A3碳钢的缓蚀作用。 首先通过多步反应制备了1-苯胺基乙基-3-[3’-（2’’-羟基乙基）]乙硫醇基咪唑溴盐离子液体（AEHETEI），具体包括N-苯基溴乙胺的制备（PBEA）、2-[(2-咪唑基乙基)硫代]乙醇（IETE）的制备以及将IETE与PBEA的季铵化反应，制得离子液体。用核磁共振氢谱（1H NMR）表征每一步反应所得产物结构，表明结构正确。以所制得离子液体为缓蚀剂，测试其在1 mol/L 盐酸溶液中对A3碳钢的缓蚀性能。结果表明离子液体缓蚀性能良好，缓蚀效率在91 %左右。 采用氧化聚合方法聚合得到聚离子液体及其与苯胺共聚物，采用红外光谱（FTIR）分析聚合物结构，热失重（TGA）分析表征热稳定性，并测试其在1 mol/L 盐酸溶液中对A3碳钢的缓蚀性能。结果表明聚离子液体缓蚀性能最好，缓蚀效率可达96.88 %。

All of Ionic liquids, poly(ionic liquids) and polyaniline have corrosion inhibition effect on metals. This paper aims to combine the advantages of the three compounds, design and synthesize a new type of ionic liquid containing N-substituted aniline in its cation and its polymer and copolymer with aniline by oxidation polymerization. The corrosion inhibition effect of ionic liquids and polymers on A3 carbon steel has been studied. First, 1-anilinoethyl-3-[3'-(2''-hydroxyethyl)]ethanethiol imidazolium bromide ionic liquid (AEHETEI) was prepared by multi-step reaction, including the preparation of ethylamine (PBEA), 2-[(2-imidazolylethyl)thio]ethanol (IETE), and quaternization of IETE with PBEA. The structure of the product obtained by each reaction step was characterized by 1H NMR, indicating that the structures are correct. The corrosion resistance of AEHETEI for A3 carbon steel in 1 mol/L hydrochloric acid solution was tested by using the prepared ionic liquid as corrosion inhibitor. The results show that the ionic liquid has good corrosion inhibition performance and the corrosion inhibition efficiency is about 91%. The polyionic liquid and its copolymer with aniline were polymerized by oxidative polymerization. The polymer structure was characterized by infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The thermal stability was characterized by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). Corrosion inhibition performance of the polymer for A3 carbon steel was tested in 1 mol/L hydrochloric acid solution. The results show that the poly(ionic liquid) has excellent corrosion inhibition performance and the corrosion inhibition efficiency can reach 96.88%.