本文将从生态女性主义的角度，尤其是通过卡伦·J·沃伦提出的“上下”体系，聚焦于《艰难时事》中的女性角色路易莎展开研究。本文将结合《艰难时世》中的社会状况，分析妇女和自然的社会处境。女性在父权制社会中的经历与自然在工业化城市中所受的痛苦之间有着相似之处，两者的处境有着内在的关联。这种关联反映了女性和大自然所受压迫的背后逻辑存在着相似性。目前，国内从生态女权主义的角度对狄更斯作品展开的研究仍然非常有限。本文将生态女性主义文学理论运用于研究狄更斯的《艰难时世》。通过研究，能够反映出狄更斯对19世纪存在的社会问题的建构。《艰难时世》中妇女和自然受到的相类似的压迫，体现出了狄更斯对父权社会和工业化社会的反思。狄更斯对女性和大自然在当时社会中的糟糕处境表示同情，并对19世纪的社会制度进行了剖析与反省。这部小说反映了狄更斯对解决女性和自然所受剥削问题的积极探索和尝试。

This research will focus on the female character Louisa in Hard Times from the perspective of ecofeminism, especially Karen J. Warren’s ideas about “Up-Down” system. It will combine with the social situation of the society in Hard Times to analyze women’s and nature’s situations. The parallelism between females’ experiences in patriarchal society and nature’s sufferings under industrialization will be analyzed. This kind of parallelism is caused by the similar logic behind the oppressions of women and nature. Nowadays, research on Dickens from the perspective of ecofeminism is still very limited at home. This thesis will adapt the theory of ecofeminism to the study of Dickens’ Hard Times. Through the study of this novel, we can come close to Dickens' constructions to the social problems in the 19th century. His reflections about the patriarchal society and industrialized society can be shown through the similar oppressions of women and nature. The study shows that Dickens has sympathy for women and nature’s terrible situations, and he reflects about the social system in the 19^th century. The novel shows Dicken’s exploration and attempt to solve the problems which make women and nature suffer.