京郊X村是典型的“人口倒挂”型村庄，本研究以京郊X村党建引领基层治理为研究对象，运用社会治理理论、公共危机管理理论、基层党建理论，采用案例分析法、参与式观察法、访谈法，对党建引领“人口倒挂”型村庄的基层治理路径、存在的问题、产生的原因进行了深入的论述和分析，并据此提出了优化“人口倒挂”型村庄基层治理的路径建议。

研究发现，党建引领“人口倒挂”型村庄基层治理依然存在诸多困境，突出体现在：从治理主客体视角看，由于疫情防控难度大、管控措施触及多方利益、治安案件多发等因素制约，导致流动人口管控与基层党组织领导力存在现实性鸿沟；从治理主体内部视角看，党员干部老龄化、保障机制不健全等问题，导致基层党组织建设面临机制性瓶颈；从当前社会背景视角看，大量经费支出与基层财政收入的矛盾，常态化的防控工作与非常态化的工作强度矛盾，基层党组织的单一防控主体与庞大的防控对象矛盾等，给疫情防控常态化带来诸多倒逼性压力。外来人口倒挂化的直接冲击、党员干部老龄化的内卷影响、疫情防控常态化的压力掣肘，分别造成了其困境现状的外部因素、内部因素和社会因素，并且多因素交织、综合发生作用。

破解党建引领“人口倒挂”型村庄基层治理难题，需要在现有工作基础上，立足该类型村庄特点，从推动形成党建引领的多元治理格局、加强基层党组织自身建设、推动疫情防控成果转化为治理效能等角度，不断优化基层治理路径，不断提升共建共治共享的基层治理体系。

Beijing x village is a typical “population upside down" village, this study in Beijing x village party building leading at the grass-roots level led as the research object. By using social governance theory, public crisis management theory and grass-roots party building theory, case analysis, participatory observation method, interview method, the article deeply discusses and analyzes the grass-roots governance path, existing problems and causes of the "population upside down" village, and puts forward the optimization of "population". Suggestions on the path of "upside down" village governance.

The study found that there are still many dilemmas in the grassroots governance of "population upside down" villages led by Party construction, which are mainly reflected in: from the perspective of governance subject and object, due to the difficulty of epidemic prevention and control, the control measures touching multiple interests, the frequent occurrence of public security cases and other factors, there is a realistic gap between the floating population control and the leadership of grassroots party organizations; from the perspective of internal governance subject, there is a gap between the floating population control and the leadership of grassroots party organizations, The aging of Party members and cadres, imperfect security mechanism and other issues lead to the institutional bottleneck in the construction of grass-roots party organizations; from the perspective of the current social background, the contradiction between a large amount of expenditure and grass-roots financial revenue, the contradiction between the normal prevention and control work and the abnormal work intensity, the contradiction between the single prevention and control subject and the huge prevention and control object of grass-roots party organizations, give the epidemic prevention and control normal Urbanization brings a lot of pressure. The direct impact of the inversion of the floating population, the internal influence of the aging of Party members and cadres, and the pressure of the normalization of epidemic prevention and control have respectively caused the external factors, internal factors and social factors of the current situation, and multiple factors are intertwined and integrated.

In order to solve the problem of grassroots governance in villages with "population upside down" led by Party building under the normalization of epidemic prevention and control, we need to continuously optimize the path of grassroots governance on the basis of existing work and based on the characteristics of this type of villages, from the perspective of improving the diversified governance system with grassroots party organizations as the core, strengthening the self construction of grassroots party organizations, and promoting the transformation of epidemic prevention and control achievements into governance efficiency, Gradually build a grass-roots governance pattern of "co construction, co governance and sharing".