近年来，电商扶贫在促进贫困人口增收、提升人口素质、推动产业发展升级等方面取得了明显成效，但也存在着农产品标准体系未建成、后备人才不足、可持续性不强等问题。总结电商扶贫的成功经验和其遇到的问题，进而研究电商扶贫可持续发展方式，对于未来的农村市场发展、脱贫攻坚与乡村振兴的良好衔接都有重要意义。

本文通过文献回顾和现状分析，借鉴元治理理论，构建了电商扶贫可持续发展机制。围绕帮扶政策动态管理、电商运行平稳健康和贫困人口发展能力提升的目标，政府应当在内部和外部都做好“元治理”。首先，在政府内部，应当增强各机构的协调性，确保政策制定的顺利进行。其次，应当在规则制定中占主导作用，并成为市场、社会中等各利益主体的协调者和政策落实的监督者，对外为市场和社会参与电商扶贫减贫提供良好的基础设施、制度环境和监管机制，通过科学的调整评估保证政策精准且可持续，鼓励其他主体发挥各自作用。在电商扶贫中，除了“强政府”，更应该培育“强社会”，政府应当在电商扶贫的部分环节适当引入市场治理机制和社会治理机制。各类市场主体应当成为资源供给的主要力量，发挥自身的技术优势，遵循市场规律，避免无序竞争、重复建设，扩大市场，争取盈利和持续发展；而广大社会主体应当发挥补充作用，通过广泛动员、争取合作、协调资源，健全行业自律和监督体系，将电商扶贫效能扩大化。

本研究通过定性比较分析方法对上述机制进行检验和分析，选择国家级贫困县中的电子商务百佳示范县，将“电商扶贫可持续发展潜力”作为结果变量，将“政府支持”“市场支持”“社会支持”三类变量作为解释变量，包含“财政支出”“服务中心”“交通设施”“金融环境”“服务站点”“人力资本”“物流建设”和“品牌建设”8个变量。通过实证分析，考察了“政府支持”“市场支持”“社会支持”三类变量的主要作用。研究发现，能促进电商扶贫可持续发展的路径主要有三种类型，可以概括为“市场支持+社会支持”型、“政府支持+市场支持”型、“政府支持+市场支持+社会支持”三种。而“政府支持+市场支持+社会支持”型适合电商扶贫早期发展，在电商扶贫发展的后期，会出现“市场支持+社会支持”型和“政府支持+市场支持”型两种类型的分化。在这些变量中，“~财政支持*物流园区”“~人力资本*服务中心”和“财政支持*品牌建设”这三个条件组合是核心变量。社会支持变量中的“品牌建设”在7种构型中出现了5次，也出现在核心变量组合中；“服务站点”“服务中心”各出现了4次，后者还出现在核心变量的组合中，可见其重要性。基于理论分析和实证研究结果，针对电商扶贫可持续发展方式，本文从加强政策调整评估、加大金融支持、提升电商培训质量、争取多种社会力量帮扶等方面提出了相应建议。

 Poverty alleviation by e-commerce involves multi-sector linkage and multi-agent participation. It has achieved significant results in promoting farmers' income, improving population quality, and promoting industrial development and upgrading. However, there are also some problems, such as the failure to set up a standard system for agricultural products, insufficient backup personnel, and poor sustainability. Summarizing the successful experience of e-commerce poverty alleviation and problems, studying the sustainable development model of e-commerce will be significant to the future rural market development, and the connection of poverty alleviation and rural revitalization.

This paper builds a sustainable development mechanism for e-commerce poverty alleviation through literature review and current situation analysis, drawing on meta-governance theory. Regarding the goals of dynamic management of support policies, stable and healthy operation of e-commerce, and the improvement of the development capacity of the poor, the government should do "meta governance" both internally and externally. First, within the government, the coordination of various agencies should be strengthened to ensure the smooth progress of policy formulation. Secondly, it should play a leading role in the formulation of rules and become a coordinator of the various stakeholders in the market and society and a supervisor of policy implementation, and provide a good infrastructure, institutional environment and the supervision mechanism ensures accurate and sustainable policies through scientific adjustment and evaluation, and encourages other subjects to play their roles. In the poverty alleviation of e-commerce, in addition to the "strong government", it is necessary to cultivate a "strong society". The government should properly introduce market governance mechanism and social governance mechanism in the e-commerce poverty alleviation.Various market players should become the main force of resource supply, give full play to their own technological advantages, follow market laws, and avoid disorderly competition and repeated construction. Expand the market, strive for profit and sustainable development; and the majority of social entities should play a complementary role, through extensive mobilization, cooperation, and coordination of resources, improve the industry self-discipline and supervision system. It will expand e-commerce poverty alleviation efficiency.

This study examines and analyzes the above mechanism through qualitative comparative analysis(QCA). First，select The Top 100 E-commerce Demonstration Counties from national poverty counties as examples. Then use "e-commerce for poverty alleviation and sustainable development potential" as the outcome variable. Use three variables named “government support” “market support” and “social support” as explanatory variables, which include 8 variables. The variables are “fiscal expenditure”, “service center”, “transportation facilities”, “financial environment”, “service site”, “human capital”, “logistics construction” and “brand construction”. The empirical analysis examines the main roles of the three types of variables "government support", "market support" and "social support”. The study found that there are three main types of paths that can promote the sustainable development of e-commerce for poverty alleviation, which can be summarized as “market support + social support”, “government support + market support” and “government support + market support + social support”. The “government support + market support + social support” type is suitable for the early development of e-commerce poverty alleviation. In the later stage of the development of e-commerce poverty alleviation, there will be two types: “market support + social support” and “government support + market support”. Among these variables, the combination of three conditions “~ financial support * logistics park” “~ human capital * service center” and "financial support * brand building" are the core variables. “Brand building” in social support variables appears 5 times out of 7 configurations and also appears in the core variable combination. “service station” and “service center” appear 4 times each, and the latter also appears in the core variables. So they are very important. Based on the results of theoretical analysis and empirical research, this paper puts forward corresponding suggestions for strengthening the policy adjustment and evaluation, increasing financial support, improving the quality of e-commerce training, and striving for various social forces to help the sustainable development of poverty alleviation by e-commerce.