“看病难”与“看病贵”引起了政府和老百姓的普遍关注，是目前我国农民最迫切需要解决的民生问题之一。许多农民因病致贫、因病返贫，出现该就诊无法就诊、该住院住不起院的困境。此文从昌平区农民看病就医的具体情况入手，以城镇居民与农民的就医差别为基础进行了对比和分析，进一步反映出昌平区农民“看病难”、“看病贵”的现实状况。为解决农民看病就医的问题，昌平区于2003年正式启动了新型农村合作医疗制度，经过五年的建设发展，在一定程度上缓解了农民“看病难”、“看病贵”的情况，赢得了诸多赞誉。但在新型合作医疗制度的运行过程当中仍然存在很多弊端，医疗卫生筹资不足、城乡医疗资源分配差距过大仍没有得到有效解决，存在农民缺少话语权、医疗报销程序繁琐等诸多管理问题。通过对新型农村合作医疗开展过程中出现问题的分析研究，提出了完善昌平区新型农村合作医疗制度建设促进其持续性发展的基本对策：首先，强化政府责任，加大投资力度，开展医疗救助，采取多种措施降低医疗费用；其次，优化资源配置，完善农村基层医疗网点的功能；其三，加强制度建设，提高管理水平；最后，建立统筹城乡的医疗保障体系，彻底消灭城乡差距，这是解决农民“看病难”、“看病贵”的最终途径。

Seeing a doctor expensively and difficultly is the point question to that the present government and the common people all generally pay attention. Which now is one of the most important things to the people’s life, because of illness, many parents return to the poor situation or are made poor again., even many ill people who should see a doctor cann’t do it. This article start with the specific situation of the medical treatment in Changping District and the difference between rural and urban areas, which further reflect that seeing a doctor expensively and difficultly for the farmers in Changping District. To solve the problem, the Changping government officially launched the new cooperative medical care system in 2003, After five years of construction and development, the question that seeing a doctor expensively and difficultly have been solved to a certain extent and won a lot of praise. In the society. However, there are still many shortcomings in the new cooperative medical care system in the course of operation. Such as inadequate health funding, the gap between urban and rural distribution of medical resources is still too large, the farmers lack the right to acquire more health funding, the procedures is too trouble.Through the analysis of various issues in the new cooperative medical care system, the paper attempt to perfect the new cooperative medical countermeasures.First, strengthen the responsibility of the Government to invest more money in the new cooperative care system, further improve the measures to medical assistance for the farmers. introduce the mechanism of competition, lower the prices of medicine; Second, Optimized allocation of medical resources, Improve the rural health care network functions; Thirdly, Strengthen the building of systems, raise the level of management;Finally, establish the coordinating system that eliminate the urban-rural gap in the new cooperative medical care system, which is the ultimate way to solve the problem that Seeing a doctor expensively and difficultly.