作业是教学活动中必不可少的重要环节，作业质量的高低及作业的处理方式直接影响教学效能和学生的学业成绩，合理设计并使用新型作业既可以巩固教学过程中传授的新知识、新技能，使学生准确构建并掌握核心概念，又可以在拓展学生生物学知识、培养创新能力、提高科学素养等方面发挥重大作用。新课程背景下，学生需要什么样的作业? 如何合理的设计并使用作业？本研究运用概念发展水平指标体系进行作业设计，并采用一系列以学生为主体、教师引导的作业处理方式，试图建立一种新型模式，旨在研究如何通过作业帮助学生自主构建高中生物核心概念。本研究采用文献法、实验法、访谈法和个案研究法，对作业、作业处理情况以及教师和学生学习情况进行了分析。从核心概念发展水平、三维目标、题型、题量等方面考量并设计新型作业，并以“物质输入与输出”、“基因突变与其他可遗传变异”二部分的作业设计及处理为例，对新型作业设计的方法、处理方式进行剖析；通过对学生和教师进行访谈，分析他们对此过程的态度、意见；通过概念图考评学生对核心概念掌握情况；最后对学生学业成绩（以期末成绩为例）进行分析，并最终对其实效性做出判断说明。 本研究表明，合理的作业及处理方式能有效的改变学生对生物作业的态度，可以提高他们的学习兴趣，更为重要的是大幅提高了学生对生物核心概念的构建能力、加深了对核心概念的理解和应用，并使学生学业成绩有所提高。新型作业设计方案及处理过程也为高中一线教师设计作业提供了一定的帮助并且具有一定的指导作用。最后，本研究对若干问题提出的讨论和展望，可供学科教学的研究者进一步思考。

As an essential part of teaching activities, Homework influences teaching efficiency and students’ academic performance directly via its quality and practical results. Therefore, using the rationally designed homework can not only help students to broad and consolidate their knowledge so that to construct the core concept accurately, but also plays an important role in developing students' skills, innovative ability and science literacy. However, under the new curriculum background, what kind of homework do the students need? How to design and use homework rationally? Aiming to find out a way to help the high school students independently building the corn concept in biology through homework, this study tries to set up a new model where homework is designed based on the index system of the concept develope level using the teacher-leading but student-dominating home work handling method.The study has mainly used methods of literature reviewing, interview, experimenting and case study It evaluates the effectiveness and handling method of homework, and measure and analyze homework itself and and the way it is dealt with considering different teachers and students. Next, the author evaluate the new kind of homework according to the core concept development level, the three-dimensional target, and type and amount of homework. Furthermore, the author analyzes the interviewing of both teachers and students for opinions on this new kind of homework designing. The students were checked for their understanding of the core concept by using concept charts. Finally, its practical effect is summerized on the basis of the resultant marks of the students during the midterm and final examinations.This study showed that reasonable homework and proper homework handling method can efficiently change students’ attitude towards homework in Biology and increase their learning interest. More importantly, their ability of constructing the core concept as well as of understanding and applying it has been improved, which contributes to their learning results. Besides, designing and handling the new kind of homework provide a certain assistant for the senior school teachers.