本文深入探讨了信息标题中高情绪唤醒词（例如“震惊”）对读者信息信任度的影响，同时考察了信息新颖性和认知需求如何调节这一影响。通过引入精细加工可能性模型（Elaboration Likelihood Model，ELM），探究了高情绪唤醒词是否会影响信息加工过程，并进一步影响信息信任度。通过两项研究，揭示了高情绪唤醒词在信息标题中的复杂作用机制以及信息新颖性和认知需求在信息信任形成过程中的关键调节作用。

研究一采用问卷调查法( N = 402)，聚焦于高情绪唤醒词与信息新颖性对信任度的共同影响，结果表明在信息较为新颖时，个体唤醒水平对信息信任的正向影响与信息较为不新颖时相比较弱。研究二通过眼动追踪技术( N = 82)进一步考察了信息新颖性和认知需求对信息处理的影响，发现在信息新颖性较高时，认知需求低的个体对含有高情绪唤醒词的信息更加信任，而认知需求高的个体则展现出更低的信任度。此外，研究还指出认知需求与信息新颖性显著影响了信息处理过程中的注意资源分配，尤其是在当信息新颖性和个体认知需求处于较高水平时，唤醒水平对信息部分的首次注视持续时间的正向影响相比于低认知需求水平的个体较强，表明这些条件下高唤醒水平更能促进个体对信息进行认真地信息加工，进而解释了在信息新颖性较高情况下，相比于认知需求低的个体，认知需求高的个体对含有高情绪唤醒词的信息抱有更怀疑的态度进而更加认真地信息加工，所以展现出更低的信任度。

本文不仅阐释了高情绪唤醒词在信息传播中的影响及其复杂机制，也强调了个体认知差异和信息特性在影响信息信任过程中的重要性。这些研究成果为新闻媒体在制作和发布信息时如何平衡吸引读者与保持信息信任提供了宝贵的实证依据，同时对公众提升媒介素养和批判性思维能力具有积极指导意义。

This article thoroughly investigates the impact of high-arousal words (e.g., "shocking") in information headlines on readers' trust, while examining how information novelty and need for cognition modulate this effect. Incorporating the Elaboration Likelihood Model (ELM), the study explores whether high-arousal words influence the information processing pathway, thereby affecting trust in the information. Through two studies, it uncovers the intricate mechanisms of high-arousal words in headlines and the critical moderating roles of information novelty and need for cognition in the formation of information trust.

Study one utilized a survey method( N = 402), focusing on the joint effect of high-arousal words and information novelty on trust. The results showed that the positive impact of arousal level on information trust is weaker when the information is more novel compared to less novel information. Study two( N = 82), using eye-tracking technology, further examined the impact of information novelty and need for cognition on information processing. It found that individuals with low need for cognition trust information containing high-arousal words more when the information novelty is high, whereas those with high need for cognition show lower trust levels. Additionally, the study pointed out that need for cognition and information novelty significantly influence the allocation of attentional resources during the information processing process, especially when both information novelty and individual need for cognition are high. Under these conditions, the positive effect of arousal level on the initial gaze duration on parts of the information is stronger compared to individuals with low need for cognition. This indicates that high arousal levels promote more thorough processing of information under these conditions. This further explains why, in situations of high information novelty, individuals with high need for cognition, compared to those with low need for cognition, hold a more skeptical attitude towards information containing high-arousal words and engage in more serious information processing, thus displaying lower trust levels.

This paper not only elucidates the impact and complex mechanisms of high-arousal words in information dissemination but also highlights the importance of individual cognitive differences and information characteristics in influencing the trust formation process. These research findings offer valuable empirical evidence for news media on balancing reader attraction with maintaining information trust, and provide positive guidance for the public to enhance media literacy and critical thinking skills.