本文关注的是基金会发展动力问题。本文从2011年人们对基金会等公益慈善组织的问责开始，提出了基金会的发展应由政府还是由社会选择的问题，展示了中国基金会发展的历史和现状，分析了存在的问题以及产生问题的原因。通过文献梳理，总结了基于“国家与社会关系”、“三个部门（政府、企业、非营利组织）”以及“公民社会”和“法团主义”视角的非营利组织研究。在“三个部门”理论的基础上，从社会选择更有效率的视角，构建了一个社会选择机制的理论模型，提出社会选择机制形成的五个充分条件以及所产生的五个积极效果。对比市场与企业，阐释社会选择如何对基金会发挥着“看不见的手”的作用，以及在社会选择下政府的功能及实现途径，分析了基金会与资源方相互选择、相互作用的四种情况。 本文采用案例比较研究方法，紧紧围绕理论模型，剖析了TY基金会、FP基金会、YG基金会成长的历程，以及由政府选择向社会选择转型中所采取的策略，取得的成绩，存在的不足。综合三个案例，得出了社会选择机制已经产生并开始对部分基金会发挥主导作用、社会选择是追求效率的自然结果、社会选择对基金会发展的正向作用明显、社会选择是个渐进的过程，政府选择仍是重要的力量、基金会呈现出丰富的转型与发展特征等五个结论，最后，对政府和基金会提出了建议，包括基于社会选择规律，充分发挥社会选择的作用；政府购买服务应稳步、谨慎推进；基金会应直面社会选择，加强自身能力建设；进一步培养和规范“公益人”；进一步拓展和充分利用自由活动空间；进一步动员和有效整合、匹配自由流动资源；进一步降低基金会登记门槛，实行直接登记；进一步加大基金会信息披露的力度。

This study focuses on the driving force of development of foundation. In China, the public paid close attention to the accountability of philanthropic organizations since 2011.This article puts forward the question whether the development of philanthropic foundation should be chose by the public or the government; shows the history and current status of the development of the foundations and analyzes the existing problems and the causes. Through literature review, this article summarizes current studies of NGO from different research perspectives which include the theory of "state and society relations", "three sectors (the government, enterprises, and non-profit organizations)", "civil society "and" corporatism". Based on the theory of "three sectors", this article builds a theory model of social selection mechanism from the angle of social selection with more efficiency; puts forward the five sufficient forming conditions as well as the five positive effects of social selection mechanism. Comparing with the market and enterprise, this research illustrates how social selection mechanism functions as the role of “invisible hand” to the foundations, and how government plays a role a line with this mechanism. Finally we analyze four types of mutual selections and interactions among the foundations and resource owners. Through comparative case studies, the research delves into development history of TY foundation, FP foundation, YG foundation and their strategies, achievements, problems during the transformation stage from governmental selection to social selection. Based on three cases, this article obtains five conclusions, which are the social selection mechanism has been generated and begins to exert its dominant position to some foundations; social selection is a natural result of pursuing efficiency; social selection has positive and obvious effect on foundations; social selection is a gradual process, in which the governmental selection is still the important power; foundations show varies transformation and development features. In the end, suggestions for government and foundations are made, including fully exert the effect of social selection based on the rule of social selection, stably and carefully drive the government’s purchase on service; the foundations shall face social selection directly and enhance its setup on ability; further cultivate and regulate the “philanthropist”; broaden and fully utilize the free space for activity; motivate, integrate and match free flowing resources effectively; reduce the registration of foundations’ registration and carry out direct registration; and enhance the strength of the foundation’ information publicity.