中国是幅员辽阔的人口大国，不同于西方发达国家在推动现代化发展中所提的“城市化”，我国中央政府始终坚持走“城镇化”的路子，因为无论国家现代化和城镇化建设推动经济社会发展取得多高的成就，老百姓的饭碗都必须掌握在自己的手中，农业都要发展，乡村不能消亡，城市和农村将始终共生并存、共同发展。如果在新时代推进现代化建设中把农村和农民落下，一边建设着高大上的现代化城市，一边是日渐凋零的枯萎农村，这不符合中央政府提出推进全体人民共同富裕的本质和要求，没有实现农业农村的现代化，也不可能实现整个国家的现代化。推动城乡融合发展是解决当前经济社会发展中城乡发展不平衡、农村发展不充分问题的必然途径。各个历史时期，中央政府都高度重视城乡关系，进入新时代以来，不断在顶层设计作出部署，出台《关于建立健全城乡融合发展体制机制和政策体系的意见》，为各地方推进城乡融合发展提出了根本遵循。

北京是超大城市，其4万亿的经济总量跻身世界都市顶尖水平，但市中心城区与远郊区的发展水平依然差距明显。超大城市推进城乡融合，首先要明确“城”与“乡”的边界与特征，北京市中心城区与远郊区经济社会发展水平的差距是其市域内城乡差距的显著特征。北京总体规划将朝阳、东城等城六区定义为中心城区，将密云、延庆等远郊区定义为生态涵养区，形成中心城区“城”与远郊区“乡”的区域定位。远郊区是大北京的“城尾、乡头”和生态屏障，是连接城市、服务乡村的天然载体，是北京推进城乡融合发展的前沿阵地。北京市推进城乡融合发展，一方面是狭义视角城镇与乡村工农互补的融合发展，另一方面就是广义视角中心城区与郊区以城带乡的融合发展。本文旨在以广义视角作分析研究，为北京市推进城乡融合发展提出路径选择建议，为其他超大城市城乡融合发展提供一些参考。

本研究首先通过查阅国内外文献，综述我国城乡发展过程、存在的问题，以及西方发达国家在城市化发展到一定阶段后促进城乡融合发展的经验和成效。基于刘易斯城乡二元经济结构理论，梳理我国城乡二元关系历史阶段性历程及典型特征，阐述当前阶段城乡融合发展的概念内涵。研究北京市城乡范围的划分、城乡差距现状问题问题和导致差距的因素，使用案例分析研究密云区推进城乡融合发展取得的经验和可借鉴的做法。通过上述研究，结合新时代新思想新机遇，提出北京市应坚持走“大城市‘以城带乡’带动大京郊、大京郊‘生态产品’服务大城市”的城乡融合发展之路，应在推动城乡要素流动和公共资源均等化配置上建立健全城乡融合发展机制、强化区域结对协作桥梁纽带促进以城带乡、推进城乡要素平等交换建立健全生态产品价值实现机制三方面着手发力，全面推进城乡融合发展。

China is a vast and populous country. Different from the "urbanization" proposed by western developed countries in promoting modernization development, the central government in China always adheres to the path of "urbanization". No matter how high the country's modernization and urbanization will promote economic and social development, the masses must make their bread. All agriculture must develop, and rural areas cannot die out. Cities and rural areas will always coexist and develop together. If the countryside and the farmers fall behind in the modernization drive in the new era, no matter it's building a tall modern city, or building the withered countryside, it is not in line with the nature and requirements of the central government in promoting common prosperity for all the people. Without the modernization of agriculture and rural areas, it is impossible to modernize the whole country. To promote urban-rural integration development is an inevitable way to solve the problems of unbalanced urban and rural development and inadequate rural development in the current economic and social development. In all historical periods, the central government attaches great importance to urban-rural relations. Since entering the new era, we have made arrangements in top-level design and issued the "Opinions on Establishing and Improving Systems, Mechanisms and Policy Systems for Urban-rural Integration Development", which put forward fundamental guidelines for local governments to promote urban-rural integration development.

Beijing is a mega-city with the GDP of 4 trillion that ranks among the top cities in the world, however, the development level between the downtown area and the outer suburbs is still obvious. To promote the integration of urban and rural areas, megacity should first clarify the boundary and characteristics of "city" and "township". The gap between the economic and social development level of Beijing central city and the outer suburbs is a significant feature of the urban-rural gap within the city. The overall plan of Beijing defines the six districts of Chaoyang and Dongcheng as the central city, and the outer suburbs such as Miyun and Yanqing are defined as ecological conservation areas, forming the regional positioning of "city" in the central city and "township" in the outer suburbs. The outer suburbs are the "end of the city" of Beijing and also a natural carrier connecting cities and serving villages, and a frontier position for Beijing to promote the urban-rural integration development. The reason why Beijing promotes the urban-rural integration development is the complementary urban-rural integration development and agriculture from the narrow perspective and the urban-rural integration development from the broad perspective.  In the paper, it aim is to make analysis and research from a broad perspective, put forward suggestions for promoting the urban-rural integration development in Beijing, and provide some reference for the integration development of other megacities.

In the study, first of all, it's to review the country's urban and rural development process and existing problems by consulting domestic and foreign literature, summarize the experience and effectiveness of western developed countries in promoting urban-rural integration after urbanization reaches a certain stage of development. By studying the theory of the urban-rural dual economic structure of Lewis, the historical stage process and its typical characteristics of the urban-rural dual relationship are combed, and the conceptual connotation of the urban-rural integration development in the current stage is expounded. To study the division of urban and rural areas, The current problems of urban-rural gap and the factors leading to the gap, case analysis is used to make study of the experience and feasible practices of Miyun District in promoting the integration of urban and rural areas. By virtue of a series of studies, in combination with new ideas and new opportunities in the new era, it is proposed that Beijing should adhere to the road of urban-rural integration development of "big cities" lead the countryside by cities"driving the suburbs of Beijing and" ecological products "to serve the big cities", in addition, it's proposed that Beijing should establish and improve the urban-rural integration development mechanism in promoting the flow of urban and rural factors and the equal allocation of public resources; strengthen the regional pairing and cooperation bridge link to promote the urban and township areas; promote the equal exchange of urban and rural factors, establish and improve the value realization mechanism of ecological products, and comprehensively promote the urban-rural integration development.